Airway
Management
Management
High-flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called:
A) denitrogenation.
B) apneic oxygenation.
C) passive ventilation.
D) active ventilation.
B) apneic oxygenation.
In the presence of oxygen, the cells convert glucose into energy through a process called: A) perfusion.
B) respiration.
C) aerobic metabolism.
D) anaerobic metabolism.
C) aerobic metabolism.
Which of the following clinical signs is unique to anaphylactic shock?
A) Pallor
B) Dizziness
C) Wheezing
D) Hypotension
C) Wheezing
In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:
A) a drug overdose.
B) respiratory arrest.
C) severe chest trauma.
D) a cardiac dysrhythmia.
B) respiratory arrest.
With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to _______ oxygen. A) 14%
B) 24%
C) 34%
D) 44%
D) 44%
A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted:
A) with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare.
B) into the larger nostril with the tip pointing away from the septum.
C) with the bevel pointing downward if inserted into the left nare.
D) into the smaller nostril with the tip following the roof of the nose.
A) with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare.
The primary waste product of aerobic metabolism is:
A) lactic acid.
B) pyruvic acid.
C) carbon dioxide.
D) adenosine triphosphate.
C) carbon dioxide.
Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?
A) Severe vomiting
B) Liver laceration
C) Excessive sweating
D) Repeated diarrhea
B) Liver laceration
Which of the following is considered an obvious sign of death and would not require the initiation of CPR?
A) Dependent blood pooling
B) Pulselessness and apnea
C) Agonal respiratory effort
D) Severe cyanosis to the face
A) Dependent blood pooling
When gathering a patient's medications, you find the following: Isordil, Lasix, Nexium, and digoxin. Which of these medications can be obtained over-the-counter (OTC)?
A) Lasix
B) Nexium
C) Isordil
D) Digoxin
B) Nexium
What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
A) Vomitus
B) The tongue
C) Blood clots
D) Aspirated fluid
B) The tongue
An example of an anti-inflammatory is:
A) Narcan.
B) Aspirin.
C) Nitroglycerin.
D) Oxygen.
B) Aspirin.
Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock?
A) Bacterial infection of the nervous system with widespread vasodilation
B) Widespread vasoconstriction and plasma loss due to a severe viral infection
C) Bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation
D) Viral infection of the blood vessels, vascular damage, and vasoconstriction
C) Bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation
Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) rib fractures.
B) liver laceration.
C) gastric distention.
D) a fractured sternum.
C) gastric distention.
A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine that his condition has not improved. You should:
A) transport him immediately and provide supportive care while en route.
B) consider that he may actually be experiencing an acute asthma attack.
C) repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control.
D) request a paramedic unit that is stationed approximately 15 miles away.
C) repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control
Which of the following structures is contained within the mediastinum?
A) Lungs
B) Larynx
C) Bronchioles
D) Esophagus
D) Esophagus
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine?
A) Secreted naturally by the adrenal glands
B) Dilates passages in the lungs
C) Constricts the blood vessels
D) Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
D) Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
Neurogenic shock occurs when:
A) failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation.
B) the spinal cord is severed and causes massive hemorrhaging.
C) there is too much blood to fill a smaller vascular container.
D) massive vasoconstriction occurs distal to a spinal cord injury.
A) failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation.
You are off duty at a park when you witness an apparently healthy 12-year-old child suddenly collapse. There are no bystanders around, and your mobile phone is in your car. After confirming that the child is in cardiac arrest, you should:
A) perform CPR for 2 minutes and then call 9-1-1.
B) call 9-1-1 and then return to begin CPR on the child.
C) deliver five rescue breaths before starting chest compressions.
D) perform chest compressions only until a bystander arrives.
B) call 9-1-1 and then return to begin CPR on the child.
The impedance threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by:
A) maintaining increased intrathoracic pressure during the downward stroke of each chest compression, which forces more blood from both of the ventricles.
B) maximizing the amount of air in the lungs following chest recoil, which hyperinflates the lungs and forces more blood from the ventricle during each compression.
C) drawing all of the air out of the lungs in between chest compressions, which causes positive intrathoracic pressure and a reduction of blood return to the right side of the heart.
D) limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling.
D) limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling.
During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates:
A) fluid in the alveoli.
B) secretions in the airway.
C) a lower airway obstruction.
D) swelling of the upper airway.
C) a lower airway obstruction.
A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine that his condition has not improved. You should:
A) transport him immediately and provide supportive care while en route.
B) consider that he may actually be experiencing an acute asthma attack.
C) repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control.
D) request a paramedic unit that is stationed approximately 15 miles away.
C) repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control.
Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to:
A) administer high-flow oxygen.
B) check her airway for obstructions.
C) move her to the ambulance stretcher.
D) ventilate her with a bag-mask device.
B) check her airway for obstructions.
A 60-year-old man is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should: A) start CPR and transport immediately.
B) withhold CPR until he is defibrillated.
C) determine if he has a valid living will.
D) begin CPR until an AED is available.
D) begin CPR until an AED is available.
A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival?
A) High-flow oxygen administration
B) Full immobilization of her spine
C) Intravenous fluid administration
D) Rapid transport to a trauma center
D) Rapid transport to a trauma center