Terminology & Definitions
What is k2
Turnover time (one S-->P conversion)
Which three amino acids from the catalytic triad in serine proteases
Serine, Aspartate, and Histidine
2
3 subunits of a nucleotide (name them in the correct order)
phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base
What charge does the phosphate group of a nucleotide have at neutral pH?
Negative
What is the slowest step in a reaction called?
Rate-Limiting step
The Michaelis constant (Km) is a critical parameter in enzyme kinetics. It is defined as the substrate concentration at which this percentage of the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) is achieved.
50%
This polysaccharide, found in the exoskeletons, is composed of N-acetylglucosamine residues linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds
Chitin
What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide
Nucleoside= sugar and base
Nucleotide= phosphate, sugar, and base
How many hydrogen bonds are formed between G and C
3
What term described the relationship between the lactan and lactim forms of uracil
tautomers
What are the 7 classes of enzymes? Name them in the correct order
Oxidoreductase Transferase Hydrolases Lyases Isomerases Ligases Translocases
This disaccharide, commonly found in milk, is composed of glucose and galactose linked by a β-1,4-glycosidic bond.
Lactose
The bending of DNA around histone proteins requires substantial compression of which groove?
Minor
A mutation in this nucleotide position of a codon often results in a silent mutation, which does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein.
Wobble Base
What is the name of the bond formed between two nucleotides to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA?
Phosphodiester
This type of enzyme inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds only to the enzyme-substrate complex, decreasing both Vmax and Km.
Uncompetitive Inhibition
In a Hawthorn configuration, if the anomeric carbon has a hydrogen facing upward, what state is it in?
Alpha
What equation states Chargaff's rules?
Extra: 100 points if you can tell me what each letter symbol means.
% purines=% pyrimidines
or
%A+%G=%T+%C
or
%A=%T; %G=%C
Which enzyme is involved in transcription (DNA to RNA)?
RNA Polymerase
What term describes the loss of an animo group?
Deamination
Finish the statement: Catalytic efficiency increases as 1/k2 _____
Decreases
What is the name of the monosaccaride that has no chiral centers?
Dihydroxyacetone
Which of the three forms of DNA is a favored in dehydrated solutions?
A-form
Here is little something nice for you valiant effort❤️:
Describe a proteoglycan
glycosaminoglycan and the core protein