Chapter 9
What is morphology?
Examines how we create words by combining morphemes
What are iconic gestures?
A form that represents the concept about which a speaker is talking.
What is exhaustive search?
When you try all possible answers using a specified system
Belief-bias effect
If a sentence containing a negative word takes longer to process this is referred to as what concept
Negation
If an individual can speak two languages what kind of speaker are they?
A Bilingual speaker
What concept is the underlying core that must be understood in order to solve a problem correctly
Structural features
When people underestimate the amount of time required to complete a project
Planning fallacy
What does an eye tracker do?
Allows one to determine where in a visual display someone is looking
Individuals who have already reached a certain age will no longer be able to acquire a new language with native like fluency
In problem solving what does top down processing emphasize?
Concepts, expectations and memory which we have acquired from the past
Explain maximizers
People who have a maximizing decision making style they tend to examine as many options as possible
Provide a example of lexical ambiguity
Bass
-type of fish
-musical tone
What happens during slips-of-the-tongue?
Errors in which sounds, or entire words are rearranged between two or more different words
What concept means that we tend to assign stable functions to an object
Functional fixedness
Provide an example of hindsight bias
After attending a cheer competition you insist that you knew what team would win
Explain the purpose of saccadic eye movement during reading
It is to bring the center of your retina into position over the words you want to read
According to the chapter introduction, what three major components of working memory does writing require?
Planning
Sentence generation
Revision
Explain initial state vs goal state
Initial state describes the situation at the beginning of the problem and goal state is when the problem is solved
According to the framing effect, the outcome of your decision can be determined by what two factors
1. Background context of the choice
2. The way in which a question is worded