Pediatric Oncology
This cancer affects the blood and bone marrow, diagnosed with bone marrow aspiration and often treated with multi-phase chemotherapy.
Leukemia
The Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers are used to detect this hip condition in infants.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
What type of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is lethal?
Type 2
Increased respiratory effort, tachycardia, pallor, cyanosis, agitation
This neuromuscular disorder is X-linked and leads to progressive muscle weakness, typically resulting in loss of ambulation by adolescence.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
In lymphoma, these lymph nodes are typically enlarged, non-tender, and firm.
Lymph nodes in lymphadenopathy
A child presents with a painless limp, limited hip abduction, and knee pain. This condition involves avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
In compartment syndrome, the affected extremity should NOT be elevated above this level.
The heart
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Baclofen, diazepam, and botox injections may be used to manage spasticity in this condition.
Cerebral palsy
A firm, irregular abdominal mass that crosses the midline is characteristic of this tumor.
Neuroblastoma
This spinal deformity is diagnosed using the Cobb angle on standing radiographs.
Scoliosis
This fracture type in non-ambulatory children may raise suspicion for abuse.
Spiral fracture
The gold standard diagnostic tool for foreign body aspiration.
Bronchoscopy
This chronic lung disease occurs in premature infants after prolonged oxygen or ventilator use.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
The ANC formula is WBC × (% neutrophils + % bands) ÷ 100; neutropenia is defined when ANC is below this value.
500/mm³
A child with blue sclera, short stature, and frequent fractures likely has this genetic collagen disorder.
Osteogenesis imperfecta
How do you treat osteomyelitis?
Prompt, vigorous IV antibiotics
For severe asthma attacks, this IV medication may be used in the ED for its potent muscle relaxant properties.
Magnesium sulfate
In cystic fibrosis, patients require supplementation with these types of vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
This oncologic emergency involves metabolic abnormalities after rapid tumor breakdown, including hyperuricemia and hyperkalemia.
Tumor lysis syndrome
The first-line treatment for a child under 6 months with DDH.
Pavlik harness
What condition has symptoms of Joint Stiffness/Swelling, warm to touch, usually without erythema, and Iridocyclitis/uveitis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
The sweat chloride test confirms this autosomal recessive disorder when levels are over 60 mEq/L after 3 months of age.
Cystic fibrosis
For a child with hemophilia, joint bleeds should be treated with this method.
RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)