19
connect actin filaments of adjacent cells
ADHERENS
This tumor suppressor gene normally prevents β-catenin from acting as a transcriptional regulator for stem-cell proliferation in the colon
MYC PROTEIN
STEM CELL MARKER
LGR5
THIN LAYER OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN
GRAM NEGATIVE
This branch of immunity serves as the body’s first line of defense, responding rapidly and non-specifically without generating long-lasting memory
INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
enable cells of similar type to stick together and to stay segregated from other types
HOMOPHILIC ADHESION
Mutations in proto-oncogenes are generally considered this type of mutation because only one allele needs to be altered to drive cancer
GAIN OF FUNCTION
stem cells that divide when induced by a stimulus
QUIESCENT
HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER INVOLVING BACTERIOPHAGES
TRANSDUCTION
Slower to respond initially, this system is highly specific to particular antigens and produces immunological memory for stronger future responses
ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM
link cadherins to actin cytoskeleton at adheren junction
CATENINS
CML is identified by the
philadelphia chromosome
MYELOID CELLS PRODUCE
monocytes
erythrocytes
megakaryocytes
MALARIA IS WHAT KIND OF INFECTION
complement activation cleaves
C3
in tight junctions ______ prevent loss of water
claudins
tendency of tumor cells to de-emphasize oxidative phosphorylation even when oxygen is plentiful, while at the same time taking up large quantities of glucose
WARBURG EFFECT
tissue renewal that does not require stem cells
pancreatic beta cells and hepatocyte
form conoid by protruding their microtubule to enter host
TOXOPLASMA GONDI
Cytotoxic T cells recognize
MHC 1
Gap junctions couple cells
ELECTRICALLY AND METABOLICALLY
In the hereditary form of this eye cancer, multiple tumors usually arise independently in both eyes during childhood
RETINOBLASTOMA
TRUE OR FALSE: pluripotent cells can make the placenta cell line
false
normal microbiota --> when our immunity is compromised, becomes pathogenic
OPPORTUNISTIC
high/low levels of MHC 1 induce NK to kill host cells
low