Assess
Please give an example of a patient that will need a transfusion of whole blood?
Significant blood loss, trauma.
Why would a patient need a transfusion of WBC's?
What do you do when a patient refuses a blood product?
Risks vs benefits, notify the physician, non-blood product options
What solution is ALWAYS hung with a blood product?
Normal Saline (0.9%)
Local: localized
Systemic: full body
What is the difference between an autologous and homologous transfusion?
Autologous: transfusion from the same person
Homologous: transfusion from someone else
Plastic first, based on additives in the tubes
What is a patient at risk for when receiving a blood transfusion if they have a history of CHF?
Hypervolemia.
Priming the catheter
When intravenous access is not available or feasible
What signs/symptoms might you see when a patient is having a reaction to a blood product?
Fever, chills, anaphylaxis, hives
What is a type and cross?
A blood test to determine blood type
If it is suspected a patient is experiencing hypervolemia from a blood transfusion, what should you do?
Assess, lungs/feet. Diuretics': Lasix
Why might a patient receive plasma over PRBC?
Clotting disorder, chemotherapy
O-
Please give an example when a patient would receive an allogenic blood transfusion.
When drawing a type and cross what is important to consider?
Accurately signing the tubes/ requisition/ patients band
Prior to hanging a blood product 2 nurses must complete a double check. What is included in the double check?
Type and cross, blood receiving, name, DOB
What is the FIRST thing you do if you think a patient is experiencing a transfusion reaction?
STOP THE INFUSION
What type of patient may receive a PCA pump?
Sickle cell patient, high pain
What is a direct donor transfusion?
Direct transfusion the blood flowing directly from an artery of the donor into the patient’s veins. The obvious method of performing a direct transfusion is by making an end-to-end anastomosis between an artery of the donor and a vein of the recipient.
Why might a patient be ordered a type and cross?
surgery, chemotherapy, blood loss
What is infiltration?
When the fluid being infused is not infused into the correct space.
What is a potential complication from an extravasation?
Tissue damage or death
What type of procedure is a blood transfusion considered?
human tissue transplant