Airborne
2 transmissions for airborne diseases & the major portal of entry
What are contact transmission & vehicle transmission?
What is the mucous membrane of respiratory tract?
Bacterial (2)
Fungal (2)
Parasitic (2)
Bac : Tetanus, Gas Gangrene
Fun : Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis
Para : Hookworm infection, Ascariasis
3 types of adaptations of arthropod vectors & examples
Physiological, Behavioral, Structural (ex not written)
Non STD (1) & STDs (7+1*) 1*non STD
Non : Trachoma
STD : Gonorrhea, Genital Chlamydia, Syphilis, Trichomoniasis, Genital Herpes, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C*, HIV/AIDs
a hemolysin -> a hemolysis - partial RBC lysis, green zone (ex: Streptococcus pneumoniae)
Bacterial upper resp. tract diseases (3)
Bacterial lower resp. tract diseases (3)
Viral diseases (7)
Upper : Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Scarlett fever, Diphtheria
Lower : Pertussis, Pneumococcal Pneumonia, Tuberculosis
Viral : Influenza, Covid-19, Smallpox, Chickenpox, Shingles, Measles, Rubella
Differentiate between TB & Histoplasmosis lung lesions
TB - skin test & acid fast staining
Bacterial (4), Parasitic (1), Arboviral (6+1*) 1* special
Bac : Plague, Lyme Disease, Epidemic Typhus, RMSF
Para : Malaria
Arbo : West Nile, St Louis, Eastern Equine (encephalitis), Zika, Yellow fever, Dengue & Ebola
1. Most common bacterial STD in US
2. Most common non-viral STD in US
1. What is Genital Chlamydia?
2. What is Trichomoniasis?
Tracheal cytotoxin
What is the virulence factor for Pertussis that damages & paralyzes ciliated cells & shuts down the ciliary escalator?
- toxigenic : powerful Diphtheria exotoxin (produced by lysogeny), toxemia, heart & kidneys damage, partial paralysis of soft palate & pharynx -> death. treat with antibiotics & antitoxin
- non toxigenic : no toxin, early symptoms: sore throat & fever, later sympt: pseudo-membrane in throat -> blocks air passage way -> death, treat with antibiotics
Treatment for hookworm infection
What are antiparasitic/antihelminthic drugs (Mebendazole)?
How RMSF infected adult female tick lays infected eggs
What is a transovarian passage?
Syphilis 3 stages' key symptoms
1st : Chancre
2nd : Skin & mucosal rash on palms&soles
3rd : gummas, arthritis, cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis
Tetanus Immune Globulin
What is antitoxin, a treatment for tetanus?
Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis & 2 types of TB?
Conidia & Arthroconidia
Conidia : fungal spores of Histoplasmosis
Arthroconidia : fungal spores of Coccidioidomycosis
The life cycle of Plasmodium vivax
(answers found on slides 31-33)
3 phases of HIV infection
3 diagnostic methods of HIV/AIDs
(answer found on slide 43)
Difference between rash in each disease.
(Scarlet fever, Smallpox, Chickenpox, Shingles, Measles, Rubella)
Scarlet fever : sandpaper-like rash
Smallpox : pus-filled lesions
Chickenpox : fluid-fille vesicles
Shingles : band-like rash
Measles : merging macular rash
Rubella : discrete macular rash
Treatment for Histoplasmosis
What are antifungals/antimycotics (Itraconazole)?
The life cycle of the tick vector for Lyme disease
(answer found on slides 15-16)
5 categories of anti-retroviral drugs
(answer found on slides 46-47)
Difference between Hep B & Hep C
(answer found on slide 27)