Substance Use Disorders
What is a psychoactive substance?
substance that alters mood, perception, or behavior
True or false: trans people have lower rates of eating disorders.
False
Give an example of a negative psychotic symptom
flat affect, absence of speech, ect
(any kind of behavioral deficit)
True or false: violence is a symptom of schizophrenia.
False! The majority of arrests of individuals with schizophrenia are for misdemeanors rather than violent crimes.
Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitions (positive expectations for use)
Which eating disorder is least common/has the lowest lifetime prevalence rate?
Anorexia (.5-1%)
The false belief that one is the US president is an example of:
a grandiose delusion
What is a barrier for treatment for substance use disorders?
Stigma, lack of motivation
What are three genetic risk factors for alcoholism?
metabolism, sensitivity, heritability
How do we differentiate a binge from overeating?
the emotional reaction it results in:
guilt, depression, disgust, embarrassment
What is schizoaffective disorder?
characterized by symptoms of schizophrenia AND a mood disorder
- psychotic disorder must be PRIMARY
What are the two main behavioral features of bulimia?
Binge eating + compensatory behavior
Give an example of hazardous use of a substance.
using in risky settings, continuing to use despite the risks
What is the most common risk factor for eating disorders?
Dieting!!
Which phase of schizophrenia would the first full-blown positive symptom one experiences signify?
psychotic prephase
Which eating disorder is substance abuse disorder commonly comorbid with?
Bulimia
What is the lifetime prevalence rate for substance use disorder in the US?
14.6%
What is the problem with "obsesity research?"
Correlation does not equal causation! This research does not account for factors such as socioeconomic status, nutrient intake, fitness/activity, body image, ect.
What is the average potential life lost in the US for individuals with schizophrenia?
28.5 years
Describe a possible explanation in the brain for negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Reduction in total brain size and gray matter (gray matter routes sensory info), frontal lobe deficits (responsible for complex info processing)