Meiosis
What is Fertilization?
Term for the union of gametes.
What is G1, S, and G2?
Phases of the cell cycle included in interphase.
What is intrinsic postzygotic barrier?
reproductive isolation mechanism that occurs after zygote formation
What is convergent and divergent evolution?
convergent evolution: process by which groups of organisms independently evolve to similar forms
divergent evolution: process by which groups of organisms evolve in diverse directions from a common point
What is the Chiasma?
a structure that forms between a pair of homologous chromosomes by crossover recombination
What occurs during G1?
The cell is accumulating the building blocks of chromosomal DNA and the associated proteins as well as accumulating sufficient energy reserves to complete the task of replicating each chromosome in the nucleus.
what is sympatric speciation?
speciation that occurs in the same geographic space
What is adaptation?
heritable trait or behavior in an organism that aids in its survival and reproduction in its present environment
Where does mutation occur
germ-line cells or somatic cells
DNA Synthesis
what is adaptive radiation?
speciation when one species radiates out to form several other species
what is the term for "parallel structures in diverse organisms that have a common ancestor"?
homologous structures
What does a somatic cell contain?
contains two matched sets of chromosomes, a configuration known as diploid.
Edwards syndrome
What is reproductive isolation?
situation that occurs when a species is reproductively independent from other species; this may be brought about by behavior, location, or reproductive barriers
What is the difference between gradual speciation model and punctuated equilibrium
gradual speciation: model model that shows how species diverge gradually over time in small steps
punctuated equilibrium: model for rapid speciation that can occur when an event causes a small portion of a population to be cut off from the rest of the population
What is Telophase?
stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope
What is the name of the last stage before the mitotic phase?
G2
Define natural selection
survival of the fittest
Give an example of homologous structures
the forelimbs of vertebrates