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Patient teaching for HCTZ
Take a potassium supplement, change positions slowly, take the diuretic in the morning no later than 2PM, take with food to prevent an upset stomach, monitor daily weight at home and report any gain of > or equal to 2 lbs in one day or > or equal to 5 lbs in one week, wear sunblock to prevent phototoxicity
Which class of antihypertensive medications have a dry cough as a side effect?
ACE Inhibitors
What are signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity?
Anorexia, N/V, diarrhea, or vision changes (double vision, blurred vision, or green/yellow halos)
Brown tea colored urine is a symptom of what adverse effect of statin drugs?
How soon prior to elective surgeries should anti platelets be discontinued?
7 days
Which diuretic is used for rapid diuresis needs and is also used to treat CHF, edema, HTN, hypertensive crisis, acute renal failure, and acute pulmonary edema?
Furosemide
What are the black box warnings for ACE Inhibitors?
Angioedema and pregnancy
What is the apical pulse rate that requires for digoxin to be held?
Less than 60
What can a patient take to prevent peripheral vasodilation when taking nicotinic acid?
325 mg aspirin
IV Heparin important parameters
IV Heparin should be given using an IV pump and have a dedicated line meaning no other meds can be given using that site, initial rate and all rate changes must be verified with another licensed nurse, IV hep is weight based so you will need a new accurate weight before calculating the dose
What are the side effects and adverse effects of Spironolactone?
Hyperkalemia, dizziness, androgen effects and gynecomastia
Patient teaching for Beta Blockers
Teach pt to not stop the med abruptly because it can cause rebound hypertension and rebound tachycardia, report low BP or HR less than 50, report any dizziness or S/S of depression, check BG regularly if they are diabetic
What is the antidote for digoxin?
Digoxin immune fab
Patient teaching for cholestyramine
Patient teaching for Warfarin
Informing their dentist that they take an anticoagulant, use a soft bristle toothbrush to prevent bleeding gums, electric razor, keep followup labs appointments, med alert bracelet to let others know they are taking an anticoagulant, avoid smoking because it increases drug metabolism, no OTC or herbals without provider approval, no aspirin with warfarin due to risk of bleeding, apply firm direct pressure for 5-10 mins if pt gets injured, take meds at same time each day, teach S/S of bleeding to report, eat diet consistent in vitamin K (INR will decrease the more vitamin K they eat, less vitamin K INR will increase)
What is mannitol used to treat?
Increase ICP (Intracranial pressure) and IOP (Intraocular pressure)
What should patients taking Calcium Channel Blockers avoid in their diet?
Grapefruit juice (can increase drug levels and cause toxicity)
What are the contraindications for Nitroglycerin?
Alcohol (can lower the BP) and PDE5 inhibitors (can cause severe and possibly fatal hypotension)
What is the name for the drug class -statin drugs are a part of?
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
What is Filgrastim used for?
Stimulates production of neutrophils
What are some contraindications for thiazide diuretics?
Renal failure, pregnancy, sulfa allergy, anuria (when body is not producing urine)
What are the side effects of clonidine?
Hypotension, bradycardia, anticholinergic effects, and peripheral edema
How many doses of nitroglycerin can a patient have in a 15 minute span?
3 doses
What should patients be taught about hepatotoxicity and -statin drugs?
Keeping appointments for followup lab work, teach them S/S of hepatotoxicity to report (right sided abd pain, loss of appetite, nausea, dark urine, and jaundice)
What is the biggest contraindication for erythropoietin?
Anyone with elevated blood pressure