sensation & perception
the process of detecting sensory information from the environment:
what is sensation?
this developmental issue addresses whether development is a continuous process or happens in separate stages?
psychologists define this as the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to challenging or threatening events:
what is stress?
what is the absolute threshold?
the process of converting sensory input into neural signals the brain can interpret:
what is transduction?
in Piaget's theory, infants develop the understanding that objects still exist even when they cannot be seen, this is called:
what is object permanence?
poor diet, poor sleep habits, negative friends or work stress are examples of what kind of stress reaction?
what is chronic stress?
the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil is:
what is the iris?
according to this theory, color vision is based on three types of cones; red, green, and blue:
what is the trichromatic theory?
while picking out a birthday gift for his older sibling a toddler named John picks out a toy that he likes to play with and assumes his sibling will like it because John likes it. this is an example of:
what is egocentrism?
________ is a source of stress, it is defined by a lack of control over a particular event or situation.
what is uncontrollability?
a child who cries when their caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon return likely shows which attachment style?
what is secure attachment?
after staring at a red square, you see a green afterimage when looking away. this supports which theory of color vision?
what is opponent-process theory?
a preschooler creates an art project that they are proud of, but their teacher criticizes it harshly. the child feels bad for trying and hesitates to take initiative in future projects. this is an example of which psychosocial stage:
what is initiative vs guilt?
describe the two explanatory styles:
optimists: expect positive outcomes
pessimists: expect negative outcomes
explain these parts of the eye in relation to sensory and perception: lens, pupil, optic nerve
lens: attached to muscles that provide focus
pupil: light passes through
optic nerve: carries visual information from retina to the brain
name the two parts of the inner ear and explain their functions:
the semi-circular canals are involved in balance and movement
the cochlea is a fluid filled structure that contains basilar membrane and sensory receptors
explain vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
name the five conflicting goals sources of stress:
what is:
approach-approach
avoidance-avoidance
approach-avoidance
double approach-avoidance
multiple approach-avoidance
which of the senses bypasses the thalamus and is strongly tied to emotion and memory?
what is olfaction/smell?