Exam 3 Review

Mitosis

100

What stage during Interphase is the DNA replicated in preparation for Mitosis? 

S phase during Interphase

200

Cleavage forms between the two new nuclei resulting in division of the cytoplasm during which stage of the cell cycle?

Cytokinesis

300

What is the result of Mitosis?

2 genetically identical daughter cells 

400

After mitosis, some types of cells may enter G0 instead of G1. Examples are mature cardiac muscle and neurons. How is G0 different than G1?

G0 is not preparing to divide

500

In Mitosis, chromosomes are pulled apart during Anaphase. What is the name of the specific structure these chromosomes are in during Mitosis?

Sister chromatids; X

Meiosis

100

What is a mechanism to increase genetic diversity? 

1) Crossing over 

2) Independent Assortment 

3) Random Fertilization 

4) Mutations 

200

You are a scientist observing mitosis in a cell line collected from your dog. You stain the chromosomes and observe the chromosomes condense into 78 total chromosomes. What is the haploid number of this dog?  

39

300

What is the result of Meiosis? 

4 genetically unique daughter cells 

400

At what stage does Crossing Over occur? (crossing over is between homologous chromosomes)

Prophase I 

500

When does a Germ cell go from diploid to haploid?

End of Meiosis I

Mendelian Genetics

100

Environment favors one phenotype is favored over another to enhance an organism’s survival; ________ Selection

Natural Election 

200

What is the genotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Ex: both parents = AaBb)

9:3:3:1

300

What was Gregor Mendel's model organism to study inheritance?

Pea plants

400

For a recessive X-linked disease, the father is infected and the mother is healthy. What do their genotypes look like?

XⁿY and X^NX^N

500

What stage during Meiosis can nondisjuction occur?

Anaphase I or II

Chromosomal Basis

100

What is an example of an X-Linked disease?

Male pattern baldness, Color blindness, hemophilia 

200

Down Syndrome is the result of aneuploidy where the individual has trisomic for which chromosome?

Trisomy 21

300

====A===B=======C============================D== 

Which two alleles are LEAST likely to cross over? 

A and B

400

Which sex chromosome do male offspring receive from the father and not the mother?

Y chromosome

500

Which gene is responsible for development of testes, leading to development of other male features in an embryo?

SRY gene

Photosynthesis

100

Where does the energy required to perform photosynthesis originate from?

Sunlight

200

Where on the plant is the major site of photosynthesis?

Leaf

300

Chlorophyll, the main pigment used in chloroplasts, absorbed which color wavelength?

Red and blue wavelengths

400

How many sugars are made from one turn of the Calvin Cycle? What is the net yield?

6 total are made, 5 are recycled

500

Where do Light Reactions occur?

Thylakoid membrane