Heuristics and biases
Fundamental attribution error/bias OR person bias
This describes a mental model or blueprint we have of the world
Schema
This term describes achieving the ideal balance in our bodies and enivornment
homeostasis
DSM
This describes an intense fear of a SPECIFIC stimulus
Phobia
This is our tendency to overestimate the likelihood of something based on how easily it comes to mind
Availability heuristic
This type of comparison focuses on how we are better than other people
Downward comparison
This describes the rules cultures have for showing emotions
Cultural Display Rules
This term describes illness as coming from the body
somatogenic
This repetitive thought can cause considerable distress and is often centered around harm, scrupulosity/religiousness, or contamination
Obsession
These people are more likely to rated higher on intelligence, kindness, and other positive characteristics
Attractive/hot/pretty people OR attractiveness halo/bias
Rosenthal and Jacobsen conducted this intelligence study to learn more about this phenomenon
The self-fulfilling prophecy/Pygmalion effect
self-control
This theory places heavy emphasis on the role of dreams and nonconscious processes
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic/Freudian theory
This is the only disorder that requires a specific event to have happened.
PTSD
The tendency to overestimate the intensity of future feelings
Impact bias
This famous experiment was based on learning more about how ordinary citizens went along with the Nazis during WWII
The Milgram Shock Experiment
This type of goal setting focuses on gains and additional benefits from achieving a goal
Promotion orientation
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) emphasizes changing these three things to improve mental illness
thoughts, emotions, behaviors
This disorder involves excessive concern about being the center of attention and often has high emotionality
Histrionic personality disorder
Individuals may receive more help based on this phenomenon
Baby Face (bias)
Allport
Emotional experiences are evaluated across these three domains to determine if they are typical or atypical
Fluctuaion/change, intensity, and context/setting
This approach is considered the most effective treatment for phobias
Exposure or behavior therapy
Individuals with this disorder are more likely to notice threats from non-threatening stimuli