Lewis Structures
What is the octet rule?
When main-group elements form bonds, they lose, gain, or share valence electrons so they have a total of 8.
What is the equation for formal charge?
Formal charge = (# valence electrons) - (# lone pair electrons) - 1/2(# bonding electrons)
Is NOBr polar or nonpolar?
polar
What is the hybridization of the central atom in H2O?
sp3
A student reads a barometer in the laboratory and finds the prevailing atmospheric pressure to be 737 mm Hg. Express this pressure in torrs.
737 Torr
Draw CH4
see picture
The formal charge on the central oxygen atom in H2O is:
0
The electron-pair geometry around the C atom in CSe2 is ____,and the molecular geometry is ____.
linear, linear
What is the hybridization of the central atom in NOBr?
What are the approximate bond angles in this substance?
sp2, 120
A sample of xenon gas at a pressure of 0.505 atm and a temperature of 268 °C, occupies a volume of 700 mL. If the gas is cooled at constant pressure until its volume is 595 mL, the temperature of the gas sample will be °C.
187 °C
Draw H2O
see picture
The formal charge on the central arsenic atom in AsO2- is:
0
The electron-pair geometry around the C atom in CH3- is ____, and the molecular geometry is ___.
tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal
Name all 5 orbitals.
sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2
A sample of xenon gas occupies a volume of 7.32 L at 46°C and 612 mm Hg. The volume of the gas sample increases to 9.47 L while its pressure increases to 762 mm Hg. If the ideal gas law is obeyed, the temperature of the gas sample at the new volume and pressure is _____ °C.
241°C
Draw PF2Cl3
see picture
The formal charge on the central xenon atom in XeOF4 is:
1
What is the electron-pair geometry for Br in BrF5?
There are ______ lone pair(s) around the central atom, so the molecular geometry (shape) of BrF5 is ____.
octahedral, 1 lone pairs, square pyramidal
What is the hybridization of the central atom in XeO4?
What are the approximate bond angles in this substance?
sp3, 109.5
It is desired to inflate a baggie with a volume of 872 milliliters by filling it with nitrogen gas at a pressure of 0.631 atm and a temperature of 299 K. How many grams of N2 gas are needed? _____ g
0.628 g N2
Draw XeF4
see picture
What determines what the best Lewis structure is?
smallest separation of charge and negative signs are associated with most electronegative elements
Name all 13 molecular shapes.
linear, trigonal planar, bent, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent, trigonal bipyramidal, see-saw, t-shaped, linear, octahedral, square pyramidal, square planar.
What is the hybridization of the central atom in NICl2?
What are the approximate bond angles in this substance?
sp3, 109.5
A mixture of neon and carbon dioxide gases is maintained in a 7.76 L flask at a pressure of 2.48 atm and a temperature of 78.0 °C. If the gas mixture contains 6.96 grams of neon, the number of grams of carbon dioxide in the mixture is _____ g.
14.2 g CO2