LEG
what are the three compartments of the leg
anterior, posterior, lateral
what is for drop
damage to the common fibular nerve, lack of ankle dorsiflexion and tow extension
what is the tarsal canal
extra 100- what runs through it?
tunnel between posterior and middle articular surfaces of calcaneus
interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
what is the strongest ankle ligament
deltoid
what nerve is at risk of injury in the carpal tunnel
median
what his the role of popliteus
"unlock" the knee when its straight
what ankle tendons are more often injured
lateral (especially anterior talofibular ligament)
what is the purpose of the transverse tarsal joint
stabilize foot when walking on uneven surfaces
what ligaments are on the lateral side of the ankle
posterior talofibular, anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular
what s the diaphragm innervated by
phrenic nerve
what two muscles are used to invert the foot
tibialis posterior and tibias anterior
what is Potts fracture
When the medial or lateral malleolus is fractured, often from the deltoid ligament being too strong
what's the difference between the anatomical and functional subtler joints?
anatomical- talus with posterior articular facet of calcareous
functional- talus with anterior and middle articular facet of calcareous
what are the supporting strictures of the arches of the foot?
bones, ligaments, plantar aponeurosis, muscles
what are the three "danger zones" of the humerus and what nerves are at risk
surgical neck- axillary
shaft- radial
medial epicondyle- ulnar
what runs through the tarsal tunnel
Tendon of tibialis posterior
Tenon on flexor digitorum longus
Tibial nerve
Posterior trivial artery and vein
Tendon of flexor hallcuis longus
what can happen with flat feet "fallen arches"
navicular slips out of place and presses down on spring ligament
what can the tendon of fibulas brevis do
fracture the base of the 5th metatarsal b/c its so strong
where are partial ampuations of the foot commonly done
transverse tarsal joint
what does the common fibular nerve split into
superficial and deep fibular nerve(s)
what artery supplies the anterior compartment of the leg
anterior tibial
what is the "danger zone" of the fibula and what is injured there
head, common fibular nerve
What are the movements of the calcaneus involved in pronation and supination when the foot is free to move?
Pronation- calcaneal eversion, calcaneal abduction, calcaneal dorsiflexion
Supination- calcaneal inversion, calcaneal adduction, calcaneal plantarflexion
what are the layers of the foot muscles
Layer 1- flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, abductor digiti minimi
Layer 2- lumbricals, quadratus plantae, tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Layer 3- adductor hallucis(transverse and oblique heads), flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digiti minimi
Layer 4- plantar interossei, dorsal interossei
what nerve is injured in trendelenburg gait
superior gluteal nerve