Chapter 15
A psychological disorder is a ________.
A) condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
B) condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
C) medical condition that has identifiable neurological causes.
D) set of situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings
A) condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________.
A) characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania
B) in which an individual experiences mania, characterized by extremely cheerful and euphoric mood, excessive talkativeness, irritability, increased activity levels, and other symptoms
C) in which an individual has a tendency to repetitively and passively dwell on one’s depressed symptoms, their meanings, and their consequences
D) that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.
D) that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.
Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn’t want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn’t attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?
A) Free association
B) Humanistic
C) Involuntary
D) Voluntary
C) Involuntary
Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.
A) cognitive therapy
B) free association
C) rational emotive
D) therapy transference
B) free association
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?
A) International Classification of Diseases
B) Determinants of Social Mental Disorders C) Determining Statistical Manifestation of Disorders D) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
D) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?
A) Apollonia also suffers from social anxiety disorder.
B) Mood disorders are more likely to occur in younger people.
C) Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.
D) People who grow up with a depressed parent usually become depressed themselves.
C) Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.
In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla’s therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self-defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
A) systematic desensitization
B) classical conditioning counseling
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy
D) client-centered therapy
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy
What kind of family therapy involves the therapist guiding the therapy session and developing treatment plans for each family member’s specific problem?
A) structural
B) cotherapeutic
C) strategic
D) solution-focused
C) strategic
The ________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits.
A) supernatural
B) biological
C) diathesis-stress
D) neurological
A) supernatural
Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?
A) Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.
B) Rochelle is depressed, so she thinks terrible things will happen.
C) Rochelle is in an earthquake and many of her friends die, so she becomes depressed.
D) Rochelle stops taking her medication because she does not think medication will help her depression.
A) Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.
Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?
A) flooding
B) aversive conditioning
C) systematic desensitization
D) exposure therapy
B) aversive conditioning
A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client’s sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others.
A) individual
B) group
C) gestalt
D) humanistic
B) group
Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?
A) Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.
B) Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills.
C) Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression.
D) Ozzie’s doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis.
A) Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.
Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?
A)alcohol dependence
B) history of previous suicide attempts
C) being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)
D) have access to lethal weapons, such as firearms
C) being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)
Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.
A) classical conditioning
B) client-centered therapy
C) rational emotive therapy
D) a token economy
D) a token economy
Dr. Piccolo is working with a family and determines that the parents do not make rules together and often contradict each other. This leads to confusion among the children who act out because they don’t understand what is expected of them in the home. She helps them to get “on the same page” with regard to each family member’s place in the home and helps the parents work on their own relationship as co-parents. This is called ________ family therapy.
A) Strategic
B) Triangular
C) Structural
D) Humanistic
C) Structural
Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn’t like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling “lost in a crowd,” and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________.
A) Agoraphobia
B) Acrophobia
C) Aracnophobia
D) ophidiophobia
A) Agoraphobia
Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms.
A) absentee
B) invisible
C) negative
D) positive
C) negative
Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
A) active listening
B) free association
C) transference
D) unconditional positive regard
D) unconditional positive regard
Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?
A) confidentiality
B) disclosure
C) discretion
D) privilege
A) confidentiality