ch 16
A cell becoming irreversibly committed to becoming one type of cell.
What is determination?
Small scale evolutionary changes that
occur within populations of one species
What is microevolution?
All of the alleles of all individuals in a population
What is the gene pool?
Sum of an animal’s responses to
external/internal stimuli
What is behavior?
This term refers to the variety of life forms in an ecosystem, encompassing genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
What is biodiversity?
When cells become committed to one function.
What is differentiation?
The name of Darwin's Voyage.
HMS Beagle
Individuals who seek mates based on their phenotypes.
What is assortative mating?
Behavior that is modified in response to experience
What is learned behavior?
A species introduced into an ecosystem in which they did not evolve
What is an invasive species?
The 3 germ layers.
What are endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm?
A natural disaster randomly kills a large portion of a population, resulting in a change in genetic frequencies.
Human birth weight is an example of this.
What is stabilizing selection?
Process of knowing that may include awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgment
What is cognition?
This major cause of biodiversity loss occurs when human activities, such as agriculture and urbanization, transform natural habitats into human-dominated landscapes.
What is habitat destruction?
This means it gives rise to all parts of an organism.
What is Totipotent?
Lineage-splitting event that produces
two or more separate species
What is speciation?
An earthquake hits a small island. All but a small group of closely related lizards are eliminated, and the survivors spread out over the island. This is an instance of __________.
What is the bottleneck effect?
These structures are similar in function but differ in structure and are used as evidence of convergent evolution.
What are analogous structures?
This type of stem cell is the most useful for medical procedures.
What is an embryonic stem cell?
This germ layer gives rise to muscle and kidney.
What is mesoderm?
Features that have similar functions but evolvedindependently and therefore do not share a common ancestor
What are homoplastic features?
A population of squirrels is preyed on by small hawks. The smaller squirrels can escape into burrows. The larger squirrels can fight off the hawks. After several generations, the squirrels in the area tend to be very small or very large. This process is responsible for the outcome.
What is disruptive selection?
This model describes how allele frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary forces.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Mature adult cells that are “reprogrammed” to become pluripotent cells
What are induced pluripotent stem cells?