Exam 4

Structure

100

Vascular plants vs nonvascular plants.

Vascular plants are able to grown taller like trees. While nonvascular plants must stay lower to the ground like moss.

200

This system includes the stems, leaves, and (in angiosperms) flowers.

Shoot system

300

This organ system anchors the plant and absorbs water and minerals.

Root system

400

What does it mean for a plant to be turgid?

It is hydrated, firm, and has a lower solute concentration.

500

What is the apical meristem?

Apical meristems elongate shoots and roots, a process called primary growth.

Transport

100

This form of bulk flow transports water from roots to shoots

Xylem

200

This form of bulk flow transports sugars from shoots to roots

Phloem

300

What form of bulk transport uses active transport

NONE! IT IS ALL PASSIVE! (sorry)

400

Why do trees dies if you were to cut a ring of bark out from around the tree.

Because you would disrupt the phloem transport to the roots.

500

Soap has been known to disrupt the cohesion of water molecules. That being said, if you were to put soapy water into the soil of a plant, the plant would die. Why?

Because the water would not stick to each other on the way up the xylem.

Fungus

100

Fungi consist of networks of branched ____, filaments adapted for absorption

Hyphae

200

How to fungi get food?

They break down organic material.

300

Fungal cell walls contain ___, a strong but flexible
polysaccharide

Chitin

400

symbiotic relationships between plant roots and fungi. These relationships benefit both the plant and the fungus, with the fungus providing water and nutrients to the plant in exchange for sugars produced by the plant

mycorrhizae

500

This type of mycorrhizae form sheaths of hyphae over the root and also grow into the extracellular spaces of the root cortex Mycorrhizae: A Key Adaptation to Life on Land

Ectomycorrhizal fungi

Reproductive

100

Male parts of the flower.

Anther and filament.

200

Female parts of the flower.

Stigma, style, ovary, ovule.

300

During reproduction, the ovary wall will thicken and develop a protective shell called what?

A fruit

400

The gametophyte is haploid and produces haploid gametes by mitosis. Fusion of the gametes gives rise to the diploid sporophyte, which produces haploid spores by meiosis Derived Traits of Plants

Alternation of generations

500

Can plants self pollinate? If so, why don't they very often?

Yes they do. They need genetic variation.

Roots, Stems, Leaves

100

How many organ systems do all vascular plants have? What are they called?

Roots, stems, leaves.

200

This part of the leaf regulates gas exchange

Stomata

300

these are the porous end walls that allow fluid to flow between cells along the sieve tube

Sieve plates

400

A plant can grow throughout its life; this is called

indeterminant growth

500

What are the three areas of growth on the root cap called?

zone of elongation, zone of cell division, zone of maturation.