I-O Psych
Industrial–organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies ________.
A. how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work
B. how jobs typically performed by women are underpaid compared to jobs typically performed by men
C. how the unemployed are fundamentally different from the employed
D. why American workers tend to be more individualistic than collectivistic in their occupational orientations
A. how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work
________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.
A. Distress
B. Eustress
C. Type A stress
D. Type B stress
A. Distress
A psychological disorder is a ________.
A. condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
B. condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
C. medical condition that has identifiable neurological causes.
D. set of situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings
A. condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
A. cognitive-behavioral therapy
B. ECT
C. play therapy
D. RET
C. play therapy
What is meant by the term etiology?
A. the cause of a disorder
B. the different symptoms of a given condition
C. likely future path of an illness
D. frequency with which a given illness occurs
A. the cause of a disorder
Dr. Smyth conducts research that examines how stress, disease, and disorders can impact individuals in the workplace. She is working in the area of ________ psychology.
A. human wellness factors
B. biopsychosocial
C. occupational health
D. industrial
C. occupational health
________ is/are the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.
A. Peak experiences
B. Distress
C. Eustress
D. Anastress
C. Eustress
What is comorbidity?
A. co-occurrence of two disorders
B. having two causes for a single disorder
C. having two causes of death
D. mental disorder leading to death
A. co-occurrence of two disorders
In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla’s therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self-defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
A. systematic desensitization
B. classical conditioning counseling
C. cognitive-behavioral therapy
D. client-centered therapy
C. cognitive-behavioral therapy
15. Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.
A. emotion-threat
B. eustress-distress
C. fight-or-flight
D. social supportive
C. fight-or-flight
According to Edwin Locke, job ________ is the state of feeling resulting from appraising one’s job experiences, and a more modern definition includes the extent to which a person enjoys their job.
A. fulfillment
B. gratification
C. happiness
D. satisfaction
D. satisfaction
Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.
A. cognitive
B. emotional
C. physical
D. social
A. cognitive
Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?
A. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.
B. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills.
C. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression.
D. Ozzie’s doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis.
A. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.
Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
A. active listening
B. free association
C. transference
D. unconditional positive regard
D. unconditional positive regard
The notion that workers tend to show an increase in performance when they know that they are being observed is called the ________ effect.
A. Flynn
B. Hawthorne
C. Taylor
D. Munsterberg
B. Hawthorne
Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to ________.
A. age discrimination
B. the Hawthorne effect
C. job satisfaction
D. job stress
D. job stress
Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.
A. cognitive
B. mental
C. morbid
D. physiological
D. physiological
What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?
A. conviction that the patient herself is the cause of many people’s troubles
B. generalized anxiety and specific phobias
C. obsession with the suffering of others
D. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts
D. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts
Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.
A. cognitive therapy
B. free association
C. rational emotive therapy
D. transference
B. free association
Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
A. Adderall
B. Clozaril
C. Lithium
D. Xanax
A. Adderall
Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. Her male coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance and tape explicit pictures of women up at the worksite. She complains to the site manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?
A. career
B. hostile environment
C. quid pro quo
D. withholding a reward
B. hostile environment
Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.
A. acute
B. chronic
C. non-threatening
D. threatening
B. chronic
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can’t afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode.
A. body dysmorphic
B. psychotic
C. manic
D. dissociative
C. manic
Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?
A. flooding
B. aversive conditioning
C. systematic desensitization
D. exposure therapy
B. aversive conditioning
Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder.
A. borderline
B. histrionic
C. narcissistic
D. schizotypal
C. narcissistic