Immune responses
Adaptive immunology
innate immunology
Receptors
Second messengers
100
A non-self substance that provokes an immune response
what is an antigen?
100
Without them, there would be no adaptive immune response.
What are T lymphocytes?
100
In general, the bodies first line of defense.
What are barriers?
100
An ________ is a synthetic compound that inhibits receptors and _______ excite their target receptors.
what is an antagonist and agonist (respectively)?
100
steroids are produced from...
What is cholesterol?
200
Blocks the release of histamines.
What are antihistamines?
200
Develops immunocompetence in the thymus
What are T Lymphocytes?
200
Macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils all do this...
What is phagocytosis?
200
Intercellular hydrophilic ligands interact with receptors at ________ _____ ________?
What is the outer cell surface?
200
Heterotrimeric G proteins ("large" G proteins) are activated by...
What is GTP?
300
This lasts longer than the primary immune response.
What is the secondary immune response?
300
Complement proteins work by forming _______ in membranes of target cells.
What is pores?
300
Specialized in attacking cancer and virus-infected cells.
What are natural killer cells?
300
The IP3 receptors are associated with ___ __________.
What are endoplasmic reticulum membranes?
300
These two enzymes are essential to the signal transduction/cascade because they turn proteins "on and off."
What are Kinases and phosphatases (respectively)?
They do this by adding/removing what molecule??
400
increased capillary filtration and swelling in a localized area
what is inflammation?
400
How antigens are presented to T cells.
What is the major histocompatibility complex?
400
Stimulates a specific response from the adaptive immune response.
What are macrophages?
400
This receptor works in pairs, is involved in metabolism, and programed cell death.
What is Receptor Tyrosine Kinase?
400
This second messenger is involved in glucose mobilization.
What is cAMP?
500
A weak, dead, or partial pathogen is introduced into the body.
What is a vaccine?
500
occurs much faster than the primary immune response.
What is the secondary humoral response?
500
Responsible for the quickest release of histamines and causes the red itchy welts associated with allergies.
What are mast cells?
500
The G protein is activated by GTP at the __ ________.
What is the alpha subunit?
500
Blood pressure is regulated by the second messenger ____.
What is Nitric Oxide?
This is vague, but true. There is a lot of other extracellular and intracellular mechanisms contributing to the regulation of blood pressure!