personality 1
What is Personality?
A person’s relatively consistent pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving
what is the ID?
houses primitive desires
what is the definition of a Psychological disorder?
A pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that is deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, and/or dangerous
what are the 3 Components of Attitudes?
An affective component, behavioral component, and cognitive component
what are the main 5 personalities traits?
Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness
what is the difference between ego and super ego?
Ego: must find a way to act that satisfies basic desires without violating social constraints
Super Ego: The part of Freud’s structure of personality that is the conscience, or set of ethics
what are the 4 criteria used to determine if behavior is dysfunctional and part of a psychological disorder?
1.) Deviance
2.) Distress
3.) Dysfunction
4.) Dangerousness
what is the definition of Stereotypes?
The overgeneralized characteristics that we assign to all members of a perceived group.
List one Limitation of Trait Theory
1.Fairly superficial description of personality
–Personality = Our Levels on 5 traits – that’s it?
2.Says little about personality development
3.Ignores the role of the situation:
–Might we be extraverted in some situations and introverted in others?
4.Are the “Factors” just dimensions that are built into our LANGUAGE
–or are they real underlying dispositional traits?
what is Defense Mechanisms?
Processes by which the ego reduces anxiety.
List at least 3 symptoms of Schizophrenia.
´Delusions
´Hallucinations
´Disorganized speech
´Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
´Flat affect
´Alogia (poverty of speech)
´Avolition (inability to initiate/persist in goal-directed activities)
what are Social Norms?
The rules and expectations of the group concerning the behavior of individual members.
what is Hysteria?
a disorder (conversion disorder) in which a psychological conflict is converted into a bodily disturbance.
when talking about defense mechanisms what is the difference between Repression and Displacement?
Repression: Blocking a wish or desire from conscious expression
Displacement:Re-channeling an impulse to another PERSON
what is Dissociative Disorder?
Characterized by a disruption in consciousness, in which a person seems to experience a sudden loss of memory or change in identity, often as a response to overwhelmingly stressful circumstances
what is the difference between situational attribution and personal attribution?
▪Personal (Internal) Attribution: when we assign the cause of the behavior to something within the individual, such as their personality, beliefs, or motivations. Something that the person chose to do
▪Situational (External)Attribution: when we assign the cause of the behavior to something outside the individual such as the context or other people in the situation.Something that happened to the person
what are the Two Primal Instincts/Drives? explain at least one.
Eros (“libido”): the life instinct and Thanatos: the death instinct
what is the difference between Unconditional positive regard and Conditional positive regard?
•Unconditional positive regard – not contingent on any specific behavior
•Conditional positive regard – children are led to believe that their parents will not love them unless the child thinks, feels, and acts as their parents want them to
what is the difference between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder?
▪Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Characterized by tension, excess worry, and a state of physiological arousal that has no specific trigger
▪Panic Disorder: Feelings of tremendous fear, when there is no reasonable causation, and characterized by panic attacks that can last for several minutes or longer.