Chapter 12: CNS
What fissure divides the two cerebral hemispheres?
What are the meningeal layers from superficial to deep?
What is referred pain?
Pain from one region of the body being perceived from another region (ex: left arm hurting during heart attack)
Which plexus is formed by the ventral rami of C5-C8 and T1?
Brachial plexus
Which division of the ANS is the "rest and digest" division?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What term refers to the fact that the cerebral hemispheres are not equal in cortical function?
Lateralization
Which structure of the limbic system recognizes facial expressions and assesses danger?
Amygdala
What type of nerves carry impulses towards the CNS?
Sensory/afferent nerves
Which kind of receptor responds to touch?
Mechanoreceptors
Which division of the ANS causes pupil dilation and increased heart rate?
Sympathetic nervous system
Which speech area controls the ability to form spoken or written language?
Broca's area
What is the name of the collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal?
Cauda equina
What type of cell guides peripheral nerve regeneration after axonal injury?
Schwann cells
What kind of receptor do reflexes use to determine the length and tension of a muscle?
Proprioceptors
What types of muscle does the autonomic nervous system innervate?
Smooth and cardiac muscle
What structure produces CSF?
Choroid plexuses
Which section of the spinal cord would cause paraplegia if transected?
T1-L1
What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?
Mandibular, maxillary, and ophthalmic
How many pairs of spinal nerves and how many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
31 pairs of spinal, 12 pairs of cranial
Which neurotransmitters does the autonomic nervous system use?
Norepinephrine and acetylcholine
Which type of EEG brain wave indicates brain damage in an awake adult?
Delta waves
What do the ventral horns of the spinal cord do?
Transmit outgoing motor output
What are the five major nerves of the brachial plexus?
Axillary, musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial
What are the five steps of a reflex arc in order?
Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
Which neurotransmitter is used by the somatic nervous system?
Acetylcholine