Burns
These are the classic findings seen with full-thickness burns: white or charred appearance, leathery texture, and painless due to nerve destruction.
What are the characteristics of third-degree burns?
This clinical presentation—flushing, increased heart rate, increased respiratory rate, and increased blood pressure—characterizes this early phase of septic shock.
What is "warm" septic shock (or hyperdynamic phase)?
This antiviral medication is the first-line treatment for herpes simplex infections.
What is acyclovir (Zovirax)?
This part of the nervous system produces effects similar to vasopressor medications.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This urgent assessment finding in a patient with circumferential burns—pallor and loss of pulse—indicates this life-threatening complication.
What is compartment syndrome (requiring escharotomy)?
This finding—dark brown or red-colored urine—indicates rhabdomyolysis in electrical burn patients.
What is myoglobinuria?
This type of shock occurs when intraoperative bleeding causes decreased circulating volume, decreased venous return, and decreased cardiac output.
What is hypovolemic shock?
These skin lesions follow a nerve pathway distribution and are associated with varicella-zoster virus reactivation.
What is herpes zoster (shingles)?
This pathophysiologic response is common to all types of shock, regardless of the underlying cause.
What is hypoperfusion of tissues?
This is the hourly urine output goal for adult patients receiving adequate fluid resuscitation for burns.
What is 30-50 mL/hour (or 0.5 mL/kg/hour)?
This pathophysiologic mechanism causes burn shock in the first 24-48 hours after injury.
What is systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and capillary leak?
This stage of shock is characterized by the body's attempt to maintain homeostasis through vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and redistribution of blood flow.
What is the compensatory stage?
This topical antimicrobial agent is commonly used to prevent bacterial growth and promote healing in burn wounds.
What is silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)?
These three naturally occurring catecholamines are produced by the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nervous system.
What are dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine?
This oxygen delivery method should be used immediately for a patient found unconscious with bright red skin color from smoke inhalation.
What is 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask?
This electrolyte imbalance, seen with rhabdomyolysis from electrical burns, puts patients at highest risk for cardiac dysrhythmias.
What is hyperkalemia?
This is the first-line vasopressor medication anticipated for a patient in septic shock who has not responded to fluid resuscitation.
What is norepinephrine (Levophed)?
These treatment options are appropriate for managing psoriasis.
What are tar preparations, corticosteroids, and ultraviolet light therapy?
This cardiovascular finding—heart rate of 45 bpm with hypotension—helps confirm this type of shock in a patient with spinal cord injury.
What is neurogenic shock?
This is the priority nursing action when a patient is exposed to chemical burns from industrial acids.
What is flushing the area with large amounts of water?
This vital sign decrease indicates adequate fluid resuscitation in a burn patient.
What is heart rate?
This is the minimum mean arterial pressure (MAP) goal when administering vasopressors during shock management.
What is 65 mmHg?
This antibiotic is used to treat wound colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
What is mupirocin (Bactroban)?
This acid-base imbalance would be expected in a patient with hypovolemic shock due to decreased tissue perfusion and lactic acid accumulation.
What is metabolic acidosis?
This medication order should be questioned for a patient in cardiogenic shock with elevated central venous pressure of 12 mmHg.
What is administering 1000 mL normal saline bolus (or fluid bolus)?