Mitosis
This phase is where chromosomes line up at the cell equator.
What is metaphase?
Crossing over occurs during this phase.
What is Prophase I?
A mutation that changes one nucleotide but not the amino acid.
What is a silent mutation?
A genotype with two identical alleles.
What is homozygous?
The phase in which DNA replication occurs.
What is S phase?
These structures separate sister chromatids during anaphase.
What are the spindle fibers?
Independent assortment occurs during this stage of meiosis.
What is Metaphase I?
A mutation caused by insertion or deletion not in multiples of 3.
A mutation caused by insertion or deletion not in multiples of 3.
This inheritance pattern shows a blend, like pink flowers from red × white.
What is incomplete dominance?
This checkpoint checks cell size, nutrients, and DNA damage.
What is the G1 checkpoint?
This phase marks the return of the nuclear envelope and chromosome decondensation.
What is telophase?
This separates during Anaphase I.
What are homologous chromosomes?
This repair pathway removes bulky lesions like thymine dimers.
What is nucleotide excision repair (NER)?
A dad with an X-linked recessive disorder will pass it to this percentage of sons.
What is 0%?
This protein activates genes that stop the cell cycle when DNA is damaged.
What is p53?
This is the ploidy of the daughter cells produced by mitosis.
What is diploid (2n)?
This is the number of cells produced at the end of meiosis II.
What are four haploid cells?
A chromosome segment is reversed end-to-end.
What is an inversion?
This law states alleles separate during gamete formation.
What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?
Cyclin must bind to this enzyme to form MPF.
What is CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase)?
This regulatory complex triggers the breakdown of the nuclear envelope and chromosome condensation at the start of mitosis.
What is the MPF (Mitosis-Promoting Factor)?
This process explains why linked genes far apart recombine more frequently.
What is crossing over?
These types of mutations affect daughter cells.
What are germ cell mutations?
Two genes on the same chromosome can still independently assort if this happens.
What is crossing over between them?
This happens to cyclin levels after mitosis is complete.
What is cyclin is degraded?