Show:
Breast Cancer
Special techniques
Physical Exam
Health History/maintenance
100
What genes put you at risk for breast cancer?
  • BRCA 1 and 2
100

When should a patient be instructed to complete a self breast exam?

5-7 days after menses starts

100

What area is the most common for breast cancer?

Upper outer Quadrant and axilla 

100

What is the first question you might ask when completing the health history for a breast exam?

have you have any changes to your breast?

200

What characteristics of a lump might indicate breast cancer?

Hard, nontender, irregular, poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying tissue strongly

200

A nurse instructing a patient on self exams should tell the patient to be in what position?

Laying down supine with arm behind head/they might also stand up and look in mirror with hands on hips

200

firm disc of glandular enlargement caused by imbalance of estrogen and testosterone

gynecomastia

200

What are small indents in the breast tissue?

dimpling

300
What are screening tests for breast cancer?
  • Individualized and BRCA1 and BRCA2 screening
  • Mammography
  • Clinical Breast Examination
  • Breast Self-Examination
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Chemoprevention
300

After a mastectomy, it is important to palpate the scare gently for?

masses or nodules 

300

What are 4 positions for assessment of breast?

1. arms at side

2. arms over head

3. hands pressed again hips

4. leaning forward

300

What is it called when the nipple is pulled inward? If this a recent change what might it indicate?

retraction/breast cancer/malignancy

400

What are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer?

  • Postmenopausal obesity
  • Use of HRT
  • Alcohol use
  • Physical inactivity
  • No history of pregnancy-nulliparity
400

If you have a patient who completed a self breast exam at home and they come to clinic stating they found a new lump what happens next?

nurse will get a referral for provider

400

What lymph nodes in the axilla are most commonly felt? What if felt might indicate abnormality/infection?

Central nodes/ a lymph node greater than 1cm

400
What questions are important to ask when taking a past history for breast exam?

- what medications are you taking

- when was your first menses

- have you been pregnant

- what age did you first experience menopause

- do you have any history of Breast/reproductive cancer?

500

What are nonmodifiable risk factors for breast cancer?

  • Age at first full-term pregnancy
  • Early menarche
  • Late menopause
  • Breast density
  • Gender
  • Age
  • Family history
  • Race
  • Genetics
  • Personal history
500

A nurse should instruct a patient to complete a self breast exam by using what techniques?

light, medium, and deep palpation; use the finger pads of three middle fingers

500
How does the nurse/provider complete the breast exam (what are the steps)?

1. patient is supine with hand behind head

2. use the pads of the three middle fingers

3. complete in vertical stripping pattern

4. use light, medium, and deep pressure

5. move lateral to medial 

6. make sure to check axilla and nipples

500

What characteristics of menses/menopause/pregnancy might put you at risk for breast cancer?

-early start of menses

-delayed menopause

-first baby after 30