N/V
What drug class has a MOA of antagonism of ACH at the muscarinic M1 receptor limiting stimulation of the VC from the vestibular system
Anticholinergic
Define acute diarrhea
>2-3 loose stools/day <14 days->48 hours
UC or Crohns, which results in bloody stool?
UC
3 main causes of cirrhosis
Alcoholism, Chronic hepatitis C, Metabolic dysfunction associated steatoic liver (MASLD)
two main causes of pancreatitis
Alcohol and gallstones
A patient with N/V due to acid reflux can use what general class of medications?
Antacids or H2RA
MOA of Loperamide
synthetic opioid agonist at mu receptor of mesentery plexus of intestinal wall; inhibits ACH release resulting decreased peristaltic activity
what class of drugs is mainly used for its anti-inflammatory effects and induce remission in IBD
Corticosteroids
treatment for Portal HTN
non-selective BB or non-selective BB + A1 blocker
list 3 s/sx of pancreatitis
N/V, Abdominal pain, abdominal distention, Hypotension, tachycardia, low grade fever
what drug class is considered the standard of care for management/prevention of CINV,PONV and radiation induced N/V
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
what drug if used chronically can cause your tongue/teeth to turn black?
Bismuth Subsalicylate
this drug inhibits release of mitochondrial factors that stimulate the production of type 1 IFN resulting in altered T cell response reducing inflammation
Cyclosporine
preferred vasoactive agent in Variceal bleeding
Octreotide
Describe the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis
inflammation-> cellular necrosis-> fibrosis
Prokinetics have this main AE of what (70% occurence with IV administration)
Somnolence
what are the two non-pharm management strategies for Diarrhea
maintain water/electrolytes, continue Feeds as tolerated (diet)
only IBD drug with pregnancy category X
Methotrexate
what is the gold standard to assess liver function for various etiologies of diseases
liver biopsy
why would we consider enzyme supplementation in pancreatitis?
limits/improved nutrient malabsorption
IN PONV; if a patient has emesis >6 hours of surgery what two drugs are not allowed to be used for PONV?
dexamethasone & transdermal scopolamine
what drug has potential for serious side effects such as Ischemic colitis
Alosetron
Aminosalicylates are only effective in what?
UC
Ascites management therapy includes
Furosemide + spironolactone
when would we consider antibiotics in pancreatitis
consider for severe/necrotic Acute pancreatitis