Chapter 15
What is the genetic change in a species over time, resulting in the development of genetic and phenotypic differences that are the basis of natural selection and who said this?
Evolution, Darwin
Fitness is the ability to produce _________ offspring?
Surviving
What are similarities that develop due to convergent evolution?
Analogies
What can natural selection only act on?
Existing Variations
What type of genetic drift involves the loss of genetic diversity because of natural disasters?
Bottleneck Effect
What happens if a population is genetically identical?
Evolution can't occur
What is the percentage of each allele in a populations gene pool?
Allele Frequency
How is the classification system and taxons related?
Why is adaptation considered a compromise?
Because adaptations involve having trade-offs
What is Genetic Drift?
The changes in allele frequencies of a gene pool due to chance events
Why do we have artificial selection?
To combine certain traits through breeding in order to produce a different outcome
What are two conditions that have to be met in the the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
No mutations, No migrations, Large gene pool, Random mating, or No selection
Why is the Phylogenetic Tree important but represents a hypothesis?
The Tree is important because it represents the evolutionary history of a group of organisms but organisms can be reclassified as new evidence is found
What selection is the outcome of natural selection?
Stabilizing selection
If a species has similar DNA base-pair sequences what type of trait do they have?
Molecular Trait
Knowing that fossils can be used as evidence for evolution, what is one specific animals' evolution that can be used as an example of this?
Amphibian Tetrapod to a Fish
What are the two expressions that describe the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
p^2+2pq+q^2=1 and p+q=1
Why is it important to know the difference between homology and analogy?
Its because homology is similarities from shared ancestry but analogy is similarities from convergent evolution
What evolutionary concept explains traits such as size, coloration, etc between males and females of the same species?
Sexual Dimorphism
What are the two main principals of Lamarck's Hypothesis?
Use and disuse, and inheritance of acquired characteristics
What is the definition of biogeography?
The scientific study of the geographic distributions of species
With Sickle Cell Disease, what is favored over what?
Heterozygotes over homozygotes
What other animal species has very similar traits to a bird and is in the same clade?
Crocodile
We know intersexual selection is when animals are choosy about selecting their mates but what is another word(s) for this?
Mate choice
What are 2 of the hypothesis' about how females choose mates and what is important to a female when choosing a mate?
Good Genes Hypothesis, and Runaway Hypothesis. It's important to choose the BEST mate.