Communities
This happens in a community when an evolutionary change in one species results in an evolutionary change in another species
Coevolution
Most ecosystems can't survive without a continual supply of this
Solar energy
These 2 locations are considered hot spots for biodiversity
Rain forests and coral reefs
This type of succession happens when the soil is already formed
Secondary succession
Solar energy, plants and animals are this type of resource
Renewable
Coevolution of this resulted in flowers that are red and recurved petals to allow the stamens to dust this animals head
Hummingbirds and flowers
These organisms capture the solar energy and turn it into organic nutrients
Photoautotrophs, producers
This is defined as an undesirable alteration in the environment and usually leads to decreased biodiversity
Pollution
This type of succession happens when the soil is not yet formed
Primary succession
Land
Fossil Fuels
Minerals
In communities this species is one that many other species depend on as it stabilizes the community and holds the web together
Keystone species
These organisms break down organic matter into inorganic nutrients
Decomposers
Regulation of climate, forests having a sponge effect, biogeochemical cycles, waste disposal, provision of fresh water, and ecotourism are this values of biodiversity
Indirect
Ecological succession is defined as this
An orderly process of change in a community of organisms
Includes both of these types of resources that individuals in the population need to meet their energy, nutrient, and survival demands
Living and non-living
This type of interaction in a community results in the population size of this to increase and the population size of this to decrease.
Predation - predator, prey
Parasitism - parasite, host
This cycling begins when producers take in inorganic nutrients from the physical environment
Chemical cycling
This includes the species distribution and relative abundance in a community
Diversity
This is the first species to appear in an area undergoing primary or secondary succession
Opportunistic pioneer species
Includes the species as well as these other things
its role in the community, its habitat, and its interactions with other species
Keystone species, pollution, over farming, density dependent or independent factors, and food web stability are all factors that influence this
The stability of a communit
Only a portion of the energy is passes along from producers -> consumers -> decomposers. This is what happens to the rest
Dissipates as heat, elimination as feces or urine
These are the 3 main categories of direct values of biodiversity
Medicinal, Agricultural, Consumptive
This is the model that says the climate of an area will always lead to the same climax community (bacteria, fungal, plant, and animal species)
Climax-Pattern Model
These are nonnative species, intentionally or accidentally introduced to an area by humans and they disrupt the community
Exotic species