Environmental Emergencies
When actively rewarming a frostbitten extremity in warm water, you should change the water when the temperature falls below ________ °F. A) 115 B) 100 C) 85 D) 80
B) 100
The condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall is known as which of the following? A) Abruptio placentae B) Placenta previa C) Ectopic pregnancy D) Preeclampsia
A) Abruptio placentae
Which of the following serious health problems is related to homelessness? A) Liver disease B) Heart disease C) Tuberculosis D) Hypertension
C) Tuberculosis
The K-Specs standards deal with: A) ambulance design. B) minimum standard medical protocols. C) training and education of field personnel. D) air evacuation of trauma victims.
A) ambulance design.
Which of the following is the main advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis? A) Peritoneal dialysis is much faster. B) Peritoneal dialysis is more effective. C) Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home. D) Peritoneal dialysis is less prone to infection.
C) Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home.
In cases of extreme hypothermia, you will find the patient unconscious, with no discernible vital signs, and skin cold to your touch with stiff joints as if they appear dead. What is the emergency care for these patients? A) Contact medical control for input into the best treatment for this patient. B) Call the coroner as indications are the patient is cold and deceased, which is a definitive sign of death. C) Check distal CSM, apply warming packs to the extremities, and transport the patient. D) Assess the carotid pulse for at least 60 seconds; if there is no pulse, start CPR immediately and prepare to apply the AED.
D) Assess the carotid pulse for at least 60 seconds; if there is no pulse, start CPR immediately and prepare to apply the AED.
If the baby's head is delivered with the amniotic sac still intact, which of the following should be done first? A) Use your fingers to tear the sac away from the baby's face. B) Leave the sac intact until the entire body is delivered. C) Use the scissors in the obstetrics kit to cut the sac away from the baby's head. D) Call medical control before taking action.
A) Use your fingers to tear the sac away from the baby's face.
When preparing to move a patient who is using a specialty medical device from his house to the ambulance, which of the following questions would be appropriate to ask the family? A) What worked best for moving the patient the last time he was transported by ambulance? B) How do you normally move the patient? C) Can you carry the patient to the ambulance since you know the best way to move the patient? D) Both A and B are correct.
D) Both A and B are correct.
The process of combining the patient and patient-carrying device into a unit ready for moving and transporting the patient is called: A) loading. B) wrapping. C) immobilizing. D) packaging
D) packaging
Regarding ambulance warning devices, which of the following statements is not true? A) Four-way flashers should not be used as emergency lights. B) The large lights on the outermost corners of the ambulance box should blink alternately. C) In most states it is illegal to drive at night with only one headlight. D) It is a good idea for the light package of the ambulance to combine several types of lights.
B) The large lights on the outermost corners of the ambulance box should blink alternately.
Your patient is a 44-year-old female with a history of alcoholism. She has been walking around at an outdoor fair on a hot, sunny day. She is disoriented to time; has hot, dry skin; and appears to be generally weak. Which of the following is the appropriate sequence of treatment for this patient? A) Have the patient stand outside the ambulance and slowly drink an electrolyte solution or sports drink. B) Get as much ice as possible from the food vendors at the fair, place the patient in a large container of ice, and apply oxygen by nonrebreather mask. C) Give oxygen by nonrebreather mask and have the patient rest, monitoring the patient's improvement over time at the scene. D) Give oxygen by nonrebreather mask, remove heavy clothing, and place cold packs on her neck, armpits, and groin.
D) Give oxygen by nonrebreather mask, remove heavy clothing, and place cold packs on her neck, armpits, and groin.
You are assessing a 27-year-old female who is 9 months pregnant with her first child. She has been having contractions for the past 6 hours. As you are about to assist her to your cot, she asks you to wait because she feels the need to use the bathroom. Which of the following is the best course of action? A) Tell the patient she needs to be transported immediately and using the bathroom will have to wait until she arrives at the hospital. B) Advise the patient that this could be a sign of a serious complication, have her lie on her left side, apply high-concentration oxygen, and transport immediately. C) Allow the patient to use the bathroom because it will make transport and delivery more comfortable. D) Advise the patient that this could be an indication that the baby is ready to be born and you need to check to see if the baby's head is visible.
D) Advise the patient that this could be an indication that the baby is ready to be born and you need to check to see if the baby's head is visible.
During transport, where should the catheter bag be after loading the patient and stretcher into the ambulance if the patient has an indwelling urinary catheter? A) In the patient's lap, but not higher than his heart B) On the ambulance floor C) Hanging from the ceiling of the ambulance or IV pole higher than the patient D) Lower than the patient, but not on the floor
D) Lower than the patient, but not on the floor
You respond to a major automobile collision involving multiple patients. Which of the following patients would receive Priority 1 transport? A) 45-year-old with no vital signs B) 6-year-old with lower leg fracture and normal vital signs C) 25-year-old with abdominal bruising and signs of shock D) 68-year-old with mild respiratory distress and seat belt burns
C) 25-year-old with abdominal bruising and signs of shock
Supine hypotensive syndrome is easily prevented by transporting all third-trimester patients in which of the following positions? A) Supine with the head lower than the hips B) Lying on the left side C) On the hands and knees with the hips elevated D) Tilted slightly onto the right side
B) Lying on the left side
Regarding drowning in adults, which of the following statements is true? A) Colder water improves survival chances in saltwater drowning but not in freshwater drowning. B) Water temperature makes no difference in the chances of survival in either saltwater or freshwater drowning. C) The colder the water, the better the chances of survival in either saltwater or freshwater drowning. D) The warmer the water, the better the chances of survival in saltwater drowning.
C) The colder the water, the better the chances of survival in either saltwater or freshwater drowning.
You respond to a call for a patient in active labor with her second child. Your interview with the patient shows that she is 40 weeks pregnant and has been in active labor for several hours. You determine that her vital signs are all within normal limits. After your physical exam, you determine the baby is crowning. You should next: A) begin transport and plan to deliver in the ambulance. B) prepare to deliver the baby on-scene. C) delay delivery until arrival at the hospital. D) contact medical direction for orders.
B) prepare to deliver the baby on-scene.
A patient uses a home ventilator connected to his tracheostomy tube to breathe. Which of the following is the correct procedure to use when moving this patient to the ambulance? A) Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator. B) Do nothing; there is no need to ventilate the patient between the house and the ambulance. C) Ventilate the patient with mouth-to-mask ventilations at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator. D) Ventilate the patient's nose and mouth with a bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.
A) Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.
When arriving as the first unit at the location of a motor vehicle collision on an interstate highway, you should position the ambulance so that: A) it is between the damaged vehicles. B) the crash is blocked by traffic with your vehicle as a barrier. C) you are nearest to the command post for easy communications with the incident commander. D) it is at the bottom of the nearest on-ramp.
B) the crash is blocked by traffic with your vehicle as a barrier.
You are called for a woman with severe abdominal pain. During your assessment and interview, she tells you that she is sexually active and there is a chance she could be pregnant. Her vital signs are pulse 122, respirations 22, blood pressure 96/62, and skin cool and pale. You should immediately suspect: A) placenta previa. B) ectopic pregnancy. C) appendicitis. D) internal bleeding.
B) ectopic pregnancy.
You respond to a farm for a possible snake bite. You find a 36-year-old male patient seated against a tree. Bystanders state the patient was bitten on the arm by a rattlesnake and is "really sick." As you approach, you notice that the patient appears to be in obvious distress and is diaphoretic and holding his right wrist. Which of the following is your highest priority? A) Perform a primary assessment and identify any potential life threats. B) Confirm the type of snake and contact medical control for specific instructions. C) Immediately apply a constricting band to minimize the spread of the venom. D) Confirm the location and status of the snake.
D) Confirm the location and status of the snake.
You have assisted in the delivery of a full-term infant by suctioning the mouth and nose as the head was delivered and again following complete delivery. The infant is not yet breathing. Which of the following is the correct sequence of interventions? A) Perform a series of back blows and chest thrusts interposed with mouth-to-mouth ventilation. B) Transport without further intervention. C) Rub the infant's back, tap the bottom of his foot, begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, and check the pulse. D) Begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, suction the airway with a rigid tonsil tip, and begin CPR.
C) Rub the infant's back, tap the bottom of his foot, begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, and check the pulse.
Jarl is a male who is 5 foot 7 inches tall and weighs 250 pounds. What is Jarl's body mass index (rounded to the nearest tenth)? A) 35.2 B) 36.5 C) 38.4 D) 39.1
D) 39.1
Which of the following is the correct order of operations when transferring a stable patient from his or her house to the ambulance? A) Package the patient for transport, select the proper patient-carrying device, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance. B) Package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, select the proper patient carrying device, and load the patient into the ambulance. C) Select the proper patient-carrying device, move the patient to the ambulance, package the patient for transport, and load the patient into the ambulance. D) Select the proper patient-carrying device, package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance.
D) Select the proper patient-carrying device, package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance.
You have transported a stable patient with complaints of abdominal pain for the last three weeks to the hospital. On arrival, you notice the emergency department is very busy and there are no empty beds to be found. You have attempted to get the attention of a hospital staff member to transfer the patient, but all are currently helping other patients. Your partner tells you to take the patient to the waiting room and leave him because the dispatcher of your service is holding several serious calls. What could possibly happen to you if you leave the patient in this fashion? A) Nothing; there are other people who are in need of an ambulance. B) Nothing, provided that your supervisor authorizes this action. C) You could possibly be charged with abandonment. D) You could possibly be charged with false imprisonment.
C) You could possibly be charged with abandonment.