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I need to vent
ARF
100

What are the two common sizes of an ET tube 

7F and 8F

100

What is the difference between hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure 

Hypoxemic: The main problem is the inadequate exchange of O2 between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries.

Hypercapnic: The main problem is insufficient CO2 removal.

200

How long should an intubation attempt last 

Less than 30 seconds 

200

T or F 

The most reliable indicator of hypoxemia is observation of cyanosis 

FALSE!! It is a unreliable indicator because cyanosis is usually a late manifestation 

300

What is the intended effect of etomidate or propofol 

Sedative/hypnotic 

300

How should client with ARF be positioned 

  • Position the patient with ARF upright. Elevate the HOB at least 30 degrees or use a reclining chair or chair bed. This helps maximize respiratory expansion, decrease dyspnea, and mobilize secretions.
400

Findings that indicate that a client in not tolerating a weaning trial

Tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, sustained desaturation (SpO2 less than 92), hypertension or hypotension, agitation, diaphoresis, anxiety, changes in LOC

400

Diagnostic studies used for client with ARF

  • Chest X-ray helps identify possible causes of respiratory failure (atelectasis, pneumonia)
  • ABG’s evaluate oxygenation (PaO2) and ventilation (PaCO2) status and acid-base (pH, bicarbonate) balance.
  • Other studies include: CBC, serum electrolytes, urinalysis, and 12 lead ECG.
500

Nursing actions to ensure adequate nutrition when caring for an intubated client 

  • Achieved through early enteral or parenteral nutrition. Patients likely to remain intubated for 3-5 days should have a nutrition assessment completed on admission and EN started within 24 hours. Consult with the dietitian to determine the patient’s caloric and nutrient needs.
500

What is required for clients with severe ARF

  • ICU care
  • Mechanical ventilation
  • Continuous pulse oximetry
  • ABG monitoring
  • Frequent ABGs
  • Central venous pressure monitoring