Endocrinology
What are signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Pallor, diaphoresis, tachycardia, headache
What is the appropriate position for an infant or child receiving a lumbar puncture (LP)?
Lying laterally with the head flexed to the chest and the knees flexed to the abdomen
What are nursing interventions during a tonic-clonic seizure?
Ensure immediate safety, place the child on their side, time the length of the seizure, do not restrain, do not put anything in their mouth.
When is the treatment for growth hormone deficiency stopped?
When the epiphyseal plates close
What are signs/symptoms of new-onset diabetes?
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia
Which type of seizure has a minimal change of behavior that may resemble day-dreaming or inattentiveness?
Absence seizure
When do we stop measuring head circumference?
2 years of age
What are 3 nursing considerations related to preoperative care of a newborn with myelomeningocele?
Latex-free environment, prone positioning, wet gauze dressing over sac, intermittent straight-catheterization
What is included in sick day management for a Type 1 Diabetic?
Monitor blood glucose every 3 hours, correct blood glucose, assess urine for ketones, notify PCP if BG >240 or if urine has ketones
How can a pediatric patient decrease the risk of Reye Syndrome?
Avoid aspirin
What are the characteristics of CSF in a child with bacterial meningitis?
Cloudy, elevated WBC, elevated protein, decreased glucose, positive gram stain
What is the name of a disease process that is identified as an inversion of one or both heels, the foot resembles a golf club?
Congenital clubfoot
What are signs/symptoms of growth hormone deficiency?
Short stature, delayed epiphyseal closure, delayed dentition, underdeveloped jaw, delayed sexual development
What is included with seizure precautions?
Oxygen gauge and tubing ready, ambu-bag ready, padding for side rails, suction at the bedside.
What are the 3 categories of neural tube defects?
Spina bifida, myelomeningocele, meningocele
What are physical assessment findings consistent with precocious puberty?
Secondary sexual characteristics, including pubic hair and axillary hair
What factors can affect neurologic disease in children?
Prematurity, difficult birth, infection during pregnancy, falls, recent trauma
What are S/S of neurologic disease in infants/children?
Poor feeding, N/V, lethargy, changes in gait/weakness, irritability, shrill cry, bulging fontanel, change in mental status
What are nursing and developmental considerations when applying a cast?
Involve a Child Life Specialist, perform a similar procedure on a doll or toy prior to cast application, take care not to cause depressions in the cast while it dries