Neurodevelopmental
A child diagnosed with this condition might exhibit repetitive behaviors and significant challenges with social communication.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Re-experiencing traumatic events, avoiding reminders, and hyperarousal are symptoms of this disorder.
What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?
This disorder is marked by excessive worry about multiple areas of life (e.g., work, health, social interactions), lasting for at least six months. Individuals with this disorder find it difficult to control their anxiety, which may lead to physical symptoms like restlessness and difficulty concentrating.
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
This disorder is characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) that the individual feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety. The obsessions and compulsions must cause significant distress or impair daily functioning.
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
This disorder involves argumentative, defiant, and hostile behavior directed at authority figures.
What is Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
This disorder and specifier is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning.
What is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) combined type?
Access to social support is a protective factor in recovering from this type of disorder.
What are trauma-related disorders?
This disorder involves periods of low mood, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, and a range of physical and cognitive symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, changes in appetite, and feelings of worthlessness. To meet the diagnostic criteria, symptoms must be present for at least two weeks and cause significant impairment.
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
This psychotic disorder is characterized by the presence of one or more delusions, such as beliefs that others are plotting against the individual or that they have special powers. However, unlike schizophrenia, there are no major disturbances in mood, and functioning is often not as impaired.
What is Delusional Disorder?
Persistent and compulsive use of alcohol despite negative consequences defines this disorder.
What is Alcohol Use Disorder?
This neurodevelopmental disorder involves difficulties in the acquisition and use of language, including issues with speaking, understanding, or written communication. Individuals may have challenges with vocabulary, grammar, and sentence formation, and the severity can range from mild to severe, with some individuals also struggling with other cognitive functions like memory and problem-solving.
What is Specific Learning Disorder with a language impairment?
This short-term disorder, occurring within four weeks of trauma, involves symptoms like intrusion and dissociation.
What is Acute Stress Disorder?
Individuals with this disorder experience recurrent, unexpected panic attacks followed by persistent worry about future attacks, or a significant change in behavior to avoid situations that could trigger an attack. Symptoms often include palpitations, sweating, and a fear of losing control.
What is Panic Disorder?
In this disorder, individuals experience significant cognitive distortions and distorted perceptions of reality, often marked by the presence of hallucinations and delusions, and a substantial disruption in functioning. These symptoms must last for at least six months to meet the criteria for diagnosis, and the condition is distinguished from mood disorders with psychotic features.
What is Schizophrenia?
This class of disorders can develop due to a combination of genetic vulnerability, chronic stress, adverse childhood experiences, and environmental exposure to substance use.
What is Conduct Disorders?
This condition is characterized by persistent deficits in the acquisition and application of reading, writing, and mathematical skills that are significantly below expected levels for age, intelligence, and educational opportunity. Despite receiving appropriate educational interventions, these difficulties are not attributable to intellectual disabilities or lack of exposure and may co-occur with other neurodevelopmental or psychiatric conditions, complicating diagnosis and treatment.
What is Specific Learning Disorder, particularly with impairment in mathematics (Dyscalculia)?
This disorder in children may manifest as re-experiencing the traumatic event through nightmares or play, avoidance of reminders, and heightened arousal such as irritability or difficulty concentrating. Symptoms must persist for more than a month and cause significant distress or impairment in the child’s functioning, particularly in school or relationships.
What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Children?
This type of depression is characterized by a pattern of mood changes, where an individual experiences episodes of major depression followed by periods of hypomania or mania. The depressive episodes tend to last longer and are more severe than the hypomanic phases.
What is Bipolar II Disorder?
This type of obsessive-compulsive disorder and specifier involves repeated, intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, but it specifically targets an individual's fear of contamination or harming others. People with this disorder may engage in compulsive washing or checking rituals to prevent feared outcomes, often leading to time-consuming routines that disrupt their daily life.
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) with contamination or harm-related obsessions?
Aggression toward people, destruction of property, and rule violations are key features of this childhood disorder.
What is Conduct Disorder?
This neurodevelopmental disorder involves deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with significant challenges beginning during childhood or adolescence. People with this diagnosis might struggle with tasks like reasoning, learning new skills, and everyday decision-making, impacting their ability to live independently and interact socially. Cultural factors and educational opportunities are essential considerations when assessing the level of support required.
What is Intellectual Disability (ID)?
This disorder is diagnosed when an individual exhibits intense emotional reactions such as hypervigilance, emotional numbing, or anger following exposure to an overwhelming traumatic event, but the symptoms are marked by chronic interpersonal difficulties and a history of complex trauma, often involving childhood abuse or neglect. This condition may also involve difficulty forming stable relationships and chronic feelings of emptiness.
What is Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD)?
This mood disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, which are less severe than manic episodes and do not cause significant impairment in functioning. The hypomanic episodes involve elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsive behavior, but the individual is still able to maintain daily functioning without the severe disruptions seen in Bipolar I Disorder.
What is Bipolar II Disorder?
This psychotic disorder involves not only hallucinations and delusions but also significant mood disturbances, such as marked periods of depression or mania. The psychotic features occur during mood episodes. Treatment often focuses on managing both the mood symptoms and psychotic features.
What is Schizoaffective Disorder?
This comorbid condition is frequently observed in adolescents, where a pattern of aggressive or deceitful behavior is compounded by substance use, leading to greater risks of legal issues, academic failure, and interpersonal conflict. The diagnosis of this combined pattern requires a careful assessment of the onset and progression of both conduct problems and substance use, with consideration for how each disorder exacerbates the other, particularly in terms of impulsivity and risk-taking behavior.
What is Conduct Disorder with co-occurring Substance Use Disorder?