Peripheral Nervous System
What kind of motor response occurs without direct involvement from higher brain centers?
What does the sympathetic branch of the ANS do to digestion?
Decreases digestion
Which special sense takes up 50% of the cerebral cortex’s work?
Vision
What does the parasympathetic branch of the ANS do to heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration?
Decreases them
Would hitting the brakes at a red light be considered an intrinsic or acquired reflex?
Acquired
Which type of rami forms nerve networks/plexuses?
Ventral rami
What kind of vision is sharpened when the parasympathetic branch of the ANS activates and constricts the pupils?
Close-up vision
What are the three layers of the eyeball?
Fibrous, vascular/uvea, inner/retina
What two nerves make up the sciatic nerve?
Tibial Nerve and Common Fibular Nerve
Which eye disease is caused by fluid backup and pressure buildup in the eye?
Glaucoma
Which connective tissue layer surrounds EACH neuronal fascicles on a nerve?
Perineurium
Why do blood glucose levels increase when the sympathetic branch of the ANS speeds up metabolism?
Breakdown of carb stores (glycogen)
What do olfactory disorders (anosmias) result from?
Olfactory nerve damage
What is motion sickness caused by?
Sensory input mismatches
Which neuron on the ANS 2 neuron chain releases ACh?
Preganglionic
Which nerve of the upper limb innervates essentially all wrist extensors and supinators and is responsible for cutaneous reception for the skin of the posterior hand?
Radial nerve
Which type of adrenergic receptor promotes vasoconstriction, increases blood pressure, closes the bladder, and reduces digestion?
Alpha
Which structure in the inner ear has equilibrium receptors that respond to gravity and change in head position?
Vestibule
What is the name for a muscarinic receptor antagonist that prevents communication with the brain centers for vomiting?
Which plexus arises from roots from L1-L4 within the psoas major muscle?
Lumbar plexus
What is the order from largest to smallest unit of the brachial plexus?
Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches
Which drug binds to nicotinic ACh receptors to stimulate sympathetic effects and raise blood pressure?
Nicotine
What is the vestibular apparatus made up of?
Equilibrium receptors in semicircular canals and vestibule
Which layer of the retina absorbs light and stores vitamin A?
Pigmented layer
Which photoreceptor cell in the retina is specialized for peripheral vision?
Rods