Phrases
Define a phrase.
syntactic structure that includes one main wordand usually one or more closely associated words grouped around it
Define a clause.
It is a group of words that has a subject and a verb
Identify the four functions of a sentence.
Identify the four structures of sentence.
declarative interrogative imperative exclamatory
simple complex compound complex compound
Identify the three types of interrogatives.
Wh- questions
Yes/ no questions
Tag questions
Identify the purpose of a language sample
Provides an immediate snapshot of:
•Utterance length
•Complexity
•Vocabulary
•Morphological and Syntactical development
•Perspective taking
•Narrative skills
•Comprehension
Describe the difference between a phrase and a clause and provide examples of each.
A phase has a subject OR a predicate
The dog
A clause has both a subject AND a predicate
The dog ran
Identify and define the two types of clauses
Independent : can stand alone
Dependent: cannot stand alone
Define the four structures of a sentence.
simple Consist of only one independent clause, with no dependent clauses
complex One independent and one dependent clause
compound two independent clauses
compound complex: at least two independent clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction and one or more dependent clauses introduced by a subordinating conjunction
Identify the two types of wh- questions.
Identify three analyses you can obtain from a language sample
MLU
TTR
Frequency count
Identify the types of phrases
Noun
Adjective
Adverb
Preposition
Verb
Provide an example of an independent and dependent clause.
Independent :
Maria swam away.
Because she went.
Provide an example of each of the four functions of a sentence
declarative: She swims everyday.
imperative: Go outside and play
Exclamatory: How exciting, congratulations!!!
Interrogative: How was the beach?
Provide an example of a p-form question and an s form question.
S form: Who didnt come to class?
P form:What classes are you taking next semester?
Define TTR and MLU
•The ratio of the number of different words to the total number of words
•Is the average length in morphemes of the speaker’s utterances
Provide an example of phrase that serves as the subject and provide an example of a phrase that serves as the predicate
The girl
swam away
Identify the remaining types of clauses and provide an example
Adjective clause
who is his sister
Adverb clause
although he went quickly
Noun clause
The red car is fast
Provide examples of the four types of sentence structures.
Simple: I like coffee.
Compound: I like coffee and James likes tea.
Complex: She drank her coffee and ate a muffin.
Compound complex: I like yerba matte and James likes coffee because it doesnt have sugar.
Define and provide an example of a tag question
Combination of a declarative sentence and an interrogative sentence
You ran in college, didnt you?
What type of conjunctions are used in complex sentences? Provide an example
What type of conjunctions are used in compound sentences? Provide an example
Subordinating
I went to the store and ate dinner.
Coordinating
She likes thanksgiving but I dont like turkey.
Identify the hierarchy and provide an example of each step.
Word
Muffins
Phrase
The delicious muffins
Clause
The delicious muffins smell.
Sentence
The delicious muffins smell and I want to eat them.
Create a sentence using an independent and dependent clause and identify what type of sentence it is
She went to the store although she did not need to.
complex
Will you go to the store and get me milk?
Boden played outside and Lane chased him around the yard.
Do you drive to campus everyday?
You need to make an appointment to go to the dentist and he must clean your teeth.
Imperative and complex
Declarative and compound
Interrogative and simple
Imperative and compound
What is from July 2-3rd - August 11th ?
The dog days of summer
What is the average TTR of a child between the ages of 2 and 8.
0.42-.5