Terms of Orientation
define a Coronal cut
divides the body front to back
define fascia
sheet like membrane (connective tissue)
compressive strength (resistant to crushing)
surrounds organs
from superior to inferior:
identify the 3 different sections of the sternum
manubrium
corpus
xipoid process
the diaphragm is the primary muscle in inspiration. what muscle is second in command?
External intercostal
define Expiratory Reserve Volume?
maximum volume of air that can be expelled following passive, tidal expiration
What position are an individual's palms in the anatomical position?
Supination
what are the two types of epithelial tissues?
what are their function? Where can you find them?
glandular epithelium- secretes fluids
ex. salivary glands
beating ciliated epithelium- have cilia
ex. respiratory tract
** pull picture up of pelvic girdle**
label the following number: #2, #4, #5, #6
2. Ilium
4. Ischium
5. Sacrum
6.Coccyx
true/false
the Trapezius elevates the rib cage
false
it elongates neck and controls head
true/false:
you cannot measure residual volume
true
Residual volume is the air that remains in the lungs after maximum exhalation
define Plantar flexion
extension of the toes
define the characteristics of cartilage?
why are these qualities important?
-where bones come together
- smooth gliding motions
tensile, compressive, elasticity
Name this muscle
**pull up image 2**
internal oblique abdominis
define the function of the subcostals
depresses the thorax
when vocal folds are adducted:
Subglottal pressure _____
intraoral pressure _____
subglottal pressure increases
intraoral pressure drops (near atmospheric pressure)
which set of terms for orientation can be used when referring to location?
Anterior and Posterior
Superior and Inferior
identify the difference between visceral ligament and skeletal ligament
visceral- bind organs together- holds structures in place
skeletal- bind bone to bone
Name this muscle
** pull up image #3
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
Latissimus Dorsi is considered a ______?
(stabilizer, depressor or compresser )
for inhale or exhale?
compresser
compresses the lower rib cage wall
both!
True or False?
Intrapleural pressure is always in a positive pressure throughout respiration?
False
always a negative pressure
-decreases during inspiration to -10 cm H2O
Using the terms of orientation: how would I say..
That my wrist is farther away than my elbow .
my wrist is distal to my elbow
identify the 3 different types of joints:
identify where you can find them
Diarthrodial- highly mobile (arms+ legs)
Amphirarthrodial- limited mobility (between vertebrae)
Synarthrodial- immobile (sutures between bone in the skull)
Name these muscles
**Pull up image #4
lateral iliocostalis cervicis
lateral iliocostalis thoracis
lateral iliocostalis lumborum
which of the following does not depresses the rib cage directly?
Serratus posterior
transverse thoracis
transverse abdominis
serratus posterior inferior
transverse abdominus
During normal respiration inhalation takes up ___% of the cycle and expiration ___%
what is the percentage during speech?
40% and 60%
50 points bonus:
10% inhalation
90% exhalation