DNA Structure & Function
DNA stands for:
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strands for replication?
Helicase
Transcription is ____ --> ______
DNA --> RNA
Where does translation occur?
On ribosomes
What is the "post office" of the cell?
Golgi body/apparatus
What are the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
Where does DNA replication occur?
Nucleus
Where does transcription occur?
This type of RNA functions in translation by bringing a matching amino acid using a complimentary anticodon
tRNA
What type of biomolecule is butter?
Lipid
What type of bond holds the nitrogenous base pairs together?
Hydrogen bonds
How many strands of DNA are produced at the end of replication?
2
For the DNA bases ATGC, the complimentary RNA bases would be:
UACG
This type of RNA is what makes up ribosomes
rRNA
In what stage of mitosis do the chromosomes separate?
Anaphase
Provide an example of two correctly matched DNA base pairs.
A & T
C & G
What is the name of the enzyme that glues the new bases together during DNA replication?
Ligase
3' Poly A Tail
5' Methyl Cap
Remove introns
What are the three labels for the sites in a ribosome that are used in translation?
E, P, A
What are the two polymers of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What is the backbone of DNA composed of?
Sugars and phosphates
Each new DNA molecule produced through replication has how many strands of the original DNA molecule?
1
If a DNA sequence reads ATG CGT ACT, what would the complimentary mRNA sequence read?
UAC GCA UGA
How many strands of DNA are produced during translation?
0
A molecule of DNA has 100 nitrogenous bases. If the molecule contains 15 adenine (A) bases, then how many cytosine (C) bases must it have?
**use Chargaff's Rule**
35
A=T so 15x2=30
100-30=70=C+G
70/2=35