Intellectual Disabilities
The three key components to the AAIDD definition of intellectual disabilities.
What are a measure of intelligence, presence of severe functional limitations in adaptive behavior, and age of onset?
What three decades included the move to inclusive schools and the passage of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act?
1970-1980
1980-1990
1990-2000
What are some of the characteristics of successful collaborators?
-a willingness to share information
-good interpersonal skills
-the ability to be depersonalize and not become defensive
-a willingness to reserve judgment
-the ability to actively listen to others
-a genuine interest in others’ opinions
-the ability to acknowledge the contributions of others
The four categories of intellectual disabilities grouped by their levels of severity.
What are mild, moderate, severe/ profound, and severity unspecified?
What is meant by the term the least restrictive environment?
Students with disabilities must be educated with students who do not have disabilities, to the maximum extent possible for the student to benefit from the education experience.
Identify the major components of the collaborative process.
Gather the necessary parties for consulatation, discuss and agree upon goals, define success or desired outcomes, determine how desired outcomes will be measured, discuss contributions of each member to meet goals, discuss possible barriers to collaboration and possible solutions, secure a commitment from each member to move forward under the agreed-upon collaborative guidelines, decide on method and frequency of future communication, set a timeline for future communications, prepare summary notes and distribute to team members.
At least five causes of intellectual disabilities.
What are prenatal causes such as Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, phenylketonuria, rubella, syphilis, drugs, tobacco, or alcohol ingested by a pregnant woman, brain (or other) tumors, or perinatal causes such as anoxia, premature birth, birthmothers with diabetes, teenage or mothers over 35, and low birth weight, or postnatal causes such as whooping cough, chicken pox, measles, which lead to meningitis and encephalitis, which can cause ID's, or traumatic experiences such as a blow to the head, near drowning, or ingestion of lead, mercury, or other poisonous substances?
What is the age range of students with disabilities who can receive services in public schools? What disabilities are represented among these students?
Ages 3-21
-specific learning disabilities
-speech or language impairment
-mental retardation
-emotional disturbance
-multiple disabilities
-hearing impairment
-orthopedic impairment
-other health impairment
-visual impairment
-autism
-deaf-blindness
-traumatic brain injury
-developmental delay
Identify at least five strategies that can help to promote positive classroom behaviors.
-having positive therapist attitude with high expectations for student learning
-having clear expectations, known by all students
-providing an appropriate and motivating curriculum
-pacing the session such that student interest is maintained
-giving clear directions
-providing structure in the environment and routine in instruction
-reinforcing appropriate behaviors rather than reprimanding inappropriate behaviors
-following through with predetermined consequences
-tolerating selected behaviors by remembering that positive behaviors need to be shaped and shaping requires time
Three categories of the prevention of intellectual disabilities.
What are primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention?
How has the role of music therapist in schools changed over the years?
Music therapist may collaborate with music educators to help provide appropriate adaptations to the music setting, as well as teaching music in the self-contained classroom, provide music therapy as a related service to an individual student, and/or provide group music therapy to several children in a district-wide services model.
In what way can music be used to manage problem classroom behaviors?
Musical behaviors should be selected that compete with the problem behaviors a student exhibits.
Adaptive skill deficits that you are likely to encounter in a person with mild intellectual disabilities.
What are cognitive development, language skills, adapting socially and emotionally, acquiring physical skills, and processing information?
Identify at least five adaptive strategies that can be used to include students with disabilities in music.
1. Varying Student Participation
2. Varying Teacher Input
3. Varying Student Output
4. Varying Difficulty of Task
5. Varying Amount of Time
6. Varying the Number of Items
7. Adapting Outcomes or Expectations
8. Providing a Substitute Curriculum
9. Adapting the Environment
10. Providing Student Support
What music therapy setting has accounted for the greatest number of new jobs over the past five years?
Public Schools