Definitions
19. What types of listening is related to when a participant attends and "shadow" the message to particular ear?
a. Iconic listening
b. Dichotic listening
c. Articulatory suppression
d. Location-based attention
b. Dichotic listening
15. What did Egly conclude about attention?
a. attention spreads across the whole object
b. attention is limited by frequency constraints
c. attention is biased to the location that you’ve been prompted to
d. attending to one message while ignoring others
a. attention spreads across the whole object
14. What did the Stroop test study?
a. scan path and saccades/fixations
b. high vs low load for processing capacity
c. goal driven attention
d. phenomenon when name of word interferes with the ability to name the ink color
d. phenomenon when name of word interferes with the ability to name the ink color
1. What are the two types of attention?
Selective and divided
24. True or false: Precuing is when attention is directed by stimulus salience.
False
FQ: Which researchers tested precuing? (50pts)
16. What is change detection?
a. process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using info about stimuli, images, events. ideas, and skills after the original info is no longer present
b. the ability to focus on specific stimuli or locations in our environment
c. detecting differences between pictures of displays when presented one after another (the memory frame and the test frame)
d. when short-term memory becomes long-term because of rehearsal
c. detecting differences between pictures of displays when presented one after another (the memory frame and the test frame)
10. What was included later In Baddeley and Hitch’s model that fixed the limitations?
a. the attenuator
b. the episodic buffer
c. the phonological loop
d. the central executive
b. the episodic buffer
FQ: What did the episodic buffer address? (50 pts)
13. What is an example of location based attention?
a. Flashlight
b. butterfly
a. Flashlight
FQ: what concept that Posner studied is also an example of location-based attention? (50 pts)
5. All of these are components of the modal model of memory EXCEPT??
a. sensory memory
b. Echoic memory
c. Long-term memory
d. Short-term memory
b. Echoic memory
21. True or false: Attention enhances neural responding.
True
18. What is the definition of chunking?
a. the ability to focus on specific stimuli or locations in our environment
b. when smaller units can be combined into larger meaningful units
c. contains words that have a threshold for being activated
d. how much info a person can handle at any given moment
b. when smaller units can be combined into larger meaningful units
7. What did G Sperling study?
a. capacity and duration of sensory memory (specifically iconic memory)
b. working memory
c. capacity of short term memory
d. impacts of the changes in connectivity of neural networks
a. capacity and duration of sensory memory (specifically iconic memory)
12. In this experiment, monkeys need to remember the location of a square and maintain that location during a delay. Who is responsible for this experiment?
a. Baddeley and Hitch
b. Posner
c. Shepard and Metlzer
d. Funahashi and collegues
d. Funahashi and collegues
FQ:
What were they studying specifically? (50 pts)
And who formalized it into what model? (50 pts)
9. Which brain region is involved in personality as illustrated by Phineas Gage’s accident?
a. temporal lobe
b. frontal lobe
c. hippocampus
d. amygdala
b. frontal lobe
22. True or false: Moray discovered the cocktail party effect.
False
17. Phonological loop is associated with ________ information, whereas the visualspatial sketch pad is associated with _________ information.
a. verbal/audio; attention
b. vision/spatial; attention
c. attention; vision/spatial
d. verbal/audio; vision/spatial
d. verbal/audio; vision/spatial
2. Who are the individuals that created the early selection, intermediate, and late selection model theories (in that order)?
a. Moray's, Treisman, Broadbent
b. Mackay's, Treisman, Broadbent
c. Broadbent, Mackay’s, Treisman
d. Broadbent, Treisman, Mackay’s
d. Broadbent, Treisman, Mackay’s
3. What are the two parts of the phonological loop?
a. visuospatial sketch pad and phonological store
b. phonological store and articulatory rehearsal process
c. articulatory rehearsal process and visuospatial sketch pad
d. visuospatial sketch pad and central executive
b. phonological store and articulatory rehearsal process
6. Which type of memory is responsible for the persistence of vision?
a. Echoic memory
b. Working memory
c. Iconic memory
d. Short term memory
c. Iconic memory
23. True or false: Controlled processes are the active processes in the modal model that can be controlled by the person.
True
20. Identify which of these are the definitions of perceptual load and processing capacity? (answer like pl = letter, pc = letter)
a. the difficulty of a given task
b. processing information to determine higher-level characteristics
c. when each word has a threshold for being activated
d. how much information person can handle at any given moment
e. directing attention without moving the eyes
perceptual load = a
processing capacity = d
12. In this experiment, monkeys need to remember the location of a square and maintain that location during a delay. Who is responsible for this experiment?
a. Baddeley and Hitch
b. Posner
c. Shepard and Metlzer
d. Funahashi and collegues
d. Funahashi and collegues
FQ:
What were they studying specifically? (50 pts)
And who formalized it into what model? (50 pts)
4. What are the two stages of the feature integration theory?
a. preattentive and detector
b. focused attention and dictionary unit
c. preattentive and dictionary unit
d. preattentive and focused attention
d. preattentive and focused attention
8. Eye movement guided by top-down processing are more closely related to
a. Stimulus salience
b. Scene schema
c. Eyes drawn to quickly moving objects
d. None of the above
b. Scene schema
25. True or false: The goal of chunking is to increase the recency effect.
False