Cranial Nerves
What is function of the Accessory Nerve? (XI)
controls head and neck muscles (motor)
Define Precentral Cortex vs Postcentral Cortex
Primary Motor cortex vs Primary Sensory (somatosensory) cortex
What is housed in the subarachnoid space?
cerebral spinal fluid
What are the two types of reflexes we went over?
Polysynaptic and Monosynaptic
Where does consolidation happen
Temporal Lobe
What nerve would cause death if it was severed?
Vagus Nerve (NX)
What are the 2 regions of the mesencephalon
Cerebral Peduncles and Corpora Quadrigemina
Name the 4 Nerve Plexi and name one nerve from each
Cervical ( Phrenic nerve ), Brachial ( Radial nerve ), Lumbar ( Femoral nerve ), Sacral ( Sciatic nerve )
What are somatic vs autonomic reflexes?
Somatic - Activation of skeletal muscles
Autonomic - Activation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
Term for converting short term memory to long term memory
Consolidation
Andie is experiencing sudden dizziness and hearing loss what crainal nerve is causing this problem?
Vestibulochoclear (NVIII)
What is located in the diencephalon, acts as a major relay station for sensory information
Thalamus
There are many notable features of the spinal cord, What is the cauda equina?
Extensions of fine branches of white matter
Cross extensor and Withdrawl reflex
What type of learner would would remember the bones and muscles in lab by creating a dance?
Kinestetic Learner
There are 3 cranial nerves that control eye movement, Name all of them and briefly state how their functions differ
Oculomotor (N III): Moves most eye muscles, lifts eyelid, constricts pupil
Trochlear (N IV): Moves superior oblique muscle (down and lateral)
Abducens (N VI): Moves eyes lateraly; lateral rectus muscle (outward)
The brainstem is composed mostly of _________, except for a special set of unorganized gray matter called _________.
White, Reticular Formation
Extensions of Pia matter are called _________.
What do they prevent?
Denticulate ligaments - lateral movement
Explain Ascending tract vs Descending tract
Ascending: carry sensory (afferent) information up from the body to the brain
Descending: carry motor (efferent) commands down from the brain to the body
A student took a VARK test and found they are a auditiory leaner. Provide a test strategy for them
They could record lectures and play them back to study
Name the 4 crainal nerves that go through the superior orbital fissure
Ocularmotor, Trochlear, Abducens, Trigeminal*
How are the lateral ventricles connected to the third ventricle, and how is the third ventricle connected to the fourth ventricle?
interventricular foramen and cerebral aqueduct.
The common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve innverate what muscles
The calf muscles and other posterior leg structures
Walk through the steps of a polysynaptic reflex arc
Stimulus - Receptor - Afferent neuron- Synapse- interneuron - Efferent neuron-Effector
Why does long-term potentiation have to happen during deep sleep?
This is because formation of glial cells and consolidation of memories requires a large amount of ATP to build glial cells