Early Explorers & Columbian Exchange
This term describes the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between the Old World and the New World.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Early British colonists built their settlements along this coast to make shipping and trade with Great Britain easier.
What is the East Coast / Atlantic Coast?
Between 1610 and 1700, the overall Native American population sharply decreased due to war, loss of land, and this major killer.
What is disease?
This English rule of inheritance gave all land to the oldest son, driving younger brothers to seek land in America.
What is primogeniture?
This term refers to goods produced in a colony or country to be sold to other places for a profit.
What are exports?
When Christopher Columbus first met Indigenous people in 1492, he noted that they were peaceful and lacked these types of weapons.
What are iron weapons?
Characterized by long, cold winters, rocky soil, and thick forests, this colonial region focused heavily on timber and maritime trade.
What are the New England Colonies?
In 1642, Native leader Miantonomo delivered a speech encouraging neighboring tribes to form an alliance to resist this.
What is English colonization / English settlers taking their land?
Unlike enslaved Africans who were forced to work for life, these workers signed temporary labor contracts in exchange for passage to America.
What are indentured servants?
Due to its large production and export of wheat and grains, the Middle Colonies earned this nickname.
What is the "breadbasket" of the colonies?
Along with finding wealth ("Gold") and gaining glory, this was the main religious reason Europeans wanted to explore new lands.
Christianity / religion (God)?
Thanks to warm weather and fertile soil, this region relied heavily on large agricultural farms and cash crops.
What are the Southern Colonies?
Miantonomo complained that English farm animals, specifically cows and swine (pigs), destroyed these.
What are natural/native plants
Virginia's "Headright System" granted this specific amount of land to colonists for every person they brought across the Atlantic.
What is 50 acres?
Because of its rocky soil and short growing seasons, New England relied on forests and ocean access to build this major industry.
What is shipbuilding (or timber/fishing)?
Brought to the Americas by Europeans, this animal revolutionized how many Native American tribes traveled, hunted, and fought.
What is the horse?
Early mapmakers like John Smith included rivers, harbors, and forests on maps primarily to show European investors these.
What are natural resources?
In 1609, Powhatan delivered a speech to the English asking why they brought weapons when they could instead have peace and trade for this.
What is food?
Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion in 1676 because poor frontier farmers felt Governor Berkeley failed to protect them from these.
What are Native American attacks?
Hot, humid summers and long growing seasons allowed Southern plantations to profit from exporting these non-food cash crops, like tobacco and indigo.
What are cash crops?
This Spanish priest wrote extensively about the brutal treatment, forced labor, and heavy loss of life among Native Americans under Spanish rule.
Who was Bartolomé de las Casas?
When 17th-century European maps completely omitted Native American villages, it revealed this biased perspective.
What is a European point of view / focus on taking land?
Also known as Metacom, this leader stated that despite his father's friendship with the English, settlers later disarmed his people and imposed unfair laws.
Who was King Philip?
Following Bacon's Rebellion, wealthy Virginia elites shifted away from indentured servitude and turned increasingly to this system of labor.
What is African slave labor (racialized slavery)?
This primary factor—including climate, soil quality, and natural resources—was the main reason the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies developed completely different economies.
This primary factor—including climate, soil quality, and natural resources—was the main reason the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies developed completely different economies.