Show:
Two-Factor Theory
Experiment
Dutton And Aron
White et al.
100
Who came up with the two-factor theory?
Schachter and Singer
100
What was the purpose of the experiment told to the participants by the researchers? (Schatcher and Singer, 1962)
"effect of vitamin injections on visual skills"
100
What is Dutton and Aron's experiment known as? (1974)
Love on the Bridge
100
What was White, Fishbein and Rutstein study about? (not methods)
Passionate love and the misattribution of arousal.
200
What was Schatcher and Singer's methods in this experiment?
1. Participants were told that the researchers were studying the “effect of vitamin injections on visual skills” and gave participants a shot of adrenaline or saline (control). 2.Participants who received the shot of adrenaline were either informed about the side effects of the injection, or not informed, and then all participants were exposed to either a happy confederate or an angry confederate.
200
What were their methods?
1. Dutton and Aron had an attractive female experimenter stand at the end of either a scary bridge (which presumably increased participants’ arousal) or a safer bridge. 2. After male participants walked across either bridge, the female experimenter asked them to fill out a survey and gave them her phone number to call if they had any further questions. 3.The dependent variable was to see which group of men was more likely to call the woman.
200
What were White et al.'s method?
1. White and his colleagues had male participants listen to tapes that were either positive (comedy tape) or negative (mutilation tape), while other subjects heard a non-arousing tape (textbook excerpt). 2.After listening to the tapes, the participants were exposed to either attractive female confederates or unattractive female confederates.
300
What is the misattribution of arousal paradigm?
The misattribution of arousal paradigm occurs when arousal arises for one reason but receives another cognitive label, thereby producing a different emotional reaction.
300
What did Schatcher and Singer hypothesize?
THey hypothesized that participants would express the same emotion as the confederates.
300
What were their results?
The men who walked across the scary (and arousing) bridge were more likely to call the woman, most likely because they misattributed their arousal from the bridge for arousal (and attraction) for the woman.
300
What were the results of White et al.'s findings?
The results for this experiment showed that the men who listened to the arousing tapes (both positive and negative) reported liking the attractive confederates more and the unattractive confederates less than the men who listened to the non-arousing tapes. THey confirmed Dutton and Aron's findings.
400
In what year did Schachter and Singer conduct their experiment on the misattribution of arousal paradigm?
1962
400
What were their results?
They found that the participants who received the adrenaline shot but were not informed about getting it were more likely to express the same emotional state as the confederate they were exposed to.
400
Name one limitation of this study.
-Deception was used. -There was no informed consent. -It is assumed that participants who called the experimenter is interested in her but not actually in the experiment.
500
What did their findings show?
Their findings show that because the people were aroused by adrenaline, but had no explanation or label for it, they attributed their arousal to a feeling that they saw another person expressing