Chapter 1
According to surveys from the United States Department of Agriculture, what is the most commonly consumed vegetable in the United States?
Potatoes
Water is one of the six classes of essential nutrients.
True
False
true
The RDAs for nutrients generally are designed to be adequate for
almost all healthy people.
Which government agency is responsible for most U.S. food labeling?
FDA
Immediately after digestion in the small intestine, most dietary fats are absorbed into the
lymph
Diabetes is a group of diseases characterized by
high blood sugar.
Fiber and starch belong to the class of nutrients known as
carbohydrates
When there is insufficient research to determine the RDA for a nutrient, the ______, based on estimates of intakes that appear to maintain a defined nutritional state in a specific life stage, is the nutrient standard.
Adequate Intake (AI)
One serving of breakfast cereal contains 50% of the 18 mg Daily Value for iron. How much iron will one serving of the cereal provide?
9 mg
What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?
Epiglottis
Which of the following is an essential nutrient?
Alcohol
Phytochemicals
Zoochemicals
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Which of the following is characteristic of lipids?
Supplies 4 kcal per gram
Adds structural strength to bones and muscles
Supplies a concentrated form of fuel for the body
Adds sweetness to food
Supplies a concentrated form of fuel for the body
Mrs. Mitchell was hospitalized after being found unconscious in her home. A dietitian conducted a nutritional assessment, noting the general appearance of Mrs. Mitchell's skin, eyes, and tongue. Which part of the assessment is this?
Clinical examination
Eat primarily fruits and vegetables because we can get all the nutrients we need from those sources.
T/F
False
Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of the hepatic portal vein directly to the
liver
an experimental design where neither the participants nor the researchers are aware of each participant’s assignment (test or placebo) or the outcome of the study until it is completed.
double-blind
The disease characterized by fatty infiltration of the liver and replacement of functioning liver cells with fibrous connective tissue is known as
cirrhosis.
An adult who follows a 2000-kcal Healthy U.S.-Style Dietary Pattern should consume ______ ounce-equivalents from the Protein Foods group per day.
5.5
By law, which of the following food items must display a Nutrition Facts label?
Box of granola bars
Navel oranges
Fresh catfish fillet
Fresh spinach
Box of granola bars
What is one function of the lower esophageal sphincter?
Prevents stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus
An 80-proof alcoholic beverage contains ______ percent alcohol.
40
A person with a deficiency of alcohol dehydrogenase would
become intoxicated at low levels of alcohol intake.
The Dietary Guidelines stresses the importance of adhering to key recommendations for preventing nutrition-related chronic diseases. Mention one dietary recommendation that aligns with the Dietary Guidelines?
Limit intake of added sugars to less than 10% of total calories.
reg physical activity
salt intake
The term Daily Value on a food label refers to
a generic standard set at or close to the highest RDA value or related nutrient standard.
Most chemical digestion takes place in the
small intestine.