Soil Types and Classification
This type of soil has a granular appearance where individual grain sizes can be detected.
What is sand
Ladders and ramps used as exits must be located every ____ feet?
What is 25 feet.
This shoring system consists of two vertical rails connected by a hydraulic cylinder.
What is Hydraulic Shores
A top grade line is set in the same manner as a bottom grade line except ____ are used instead of grade pins.
What is T-bars
This is the ability of soil to hold a heavy weight
What is compression strength
This soil texture contains over 80% silt particles, with very little fine sand and clay.
What is Silt
Tools, equipment and excavated dirt must be kept ____ feet from the edge of the excavation?
What is 2 feet
This type of shoring system may be used when excavating near existing structures or performing long-term excavations
What is vertical sheeting
This device makes marking and checking grades and elevations easier with higher accuracy.
What is a laser level
What is a competent person
This soil texture breaks into very hard lumps when dry. Contains more clay than silt loam and resembles clay in a dry condition.
What is Clay loam.
Shoring, trench boxes, benching or sloping is used for excavations and trenches that are more than ___ feet deep?
What is 5 feet deep
A shielding system is also known as a ____ or _____
What is a trench box or trench shield
Moisture content, type of material, material gradation and lift thickness will affect?
What is degree of compaction
This term is the surface level required by the plans or specifications
What is grade
This soil type refers to cohesive soils with compression strength of greater than 0.5 tons per square foot but less than 1.5 tons per square foot.
What is Type B soil
____ ladders must be used where ____ or more employees are working in an excavation?
What is 2 or more and 25 employees or more
Benching uses a series of ____ that must rise on the approximate angle of repose.
What is steps
What is a lift
This is a type of screw- or hydraulic-type jack that is used as cross bracing in a trench
What is a screw jack
This soil type has a maximum allowable slope of Vertical (90 degrees) for excavations less than 20'
What is Stable Rock
What is the OSHA 1926 standard for excavation safety?
What is OSHA 29 CFR 1926 Subpart P
_____ is accomplished by inclining the sides of an exvacation.
What is Sloping
Along with shoring and laying pipe, pipefitters are often responsible for setting these two things in a trench.
What are the finish elevation and grade
What is lifts