Vocabulary
Changes over long periods of time are known as what?
chronic changes
When the internal body temperature drops below normal.
What is hypothermia?
An increase in the muscle fiber size due to high-volume resistance exercise.
What is hypertrophy?
Changes in heart size, stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, blood flow, blood pressure, and blood volume as a result of aerobic and anaerobic training.
What are cardiovascular adaptations?
One of the earliest signs and symptoms of overreaching and overtraining.
What is fatigue?
Increase in muscle fiber size is known as what?
hypertrophy
When the internal body temperature rises and the body becomes overheated.
What is hyperthermia?
An increase in the muscle fiber number due to high-volume resistance exercise.
What is hyperplasia?
The difference in oxygen concentration in the veins versus the arteries after extraction to the working tissues, i.e., muscle.
What is A-V O2 difference?
A systematic decrease in training volume and intensity for maximum recovery prior to major competition.
What is the definition of an eccentric contraction?
Contraction while lengthening the muscle.
The continuum of muscle cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke in varying degrees of severity as an individual is exposed to heat.
What is heat-related illness?
The initial improvements in strength after the onset of a training program are not due to hypertrophy, but due to ______________.
Neuromuscular adaptations
One of the initial adaptations to consistent cardiovascular training, resulting in greater efficiency of the aerobic energy systems (Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain).
What is increased enzyme availability/activity?
Is it true that the soreness occurs because of 'lactic acid' build up? (Yes/No)
No (actual damage to muscle cells)
Hyperplasia is?
The increase in the number of muscle fibers.
As the body cools in response to cold-related stress, it goes through a transition of non-shivering then shivering ____________.
What is thermogenesis.
The inhibition of muscular contraction, as a protective mechanism, due to too great of tension applied to the muscle.
What is autogenic inhibition?
The heart's ability to stretch the left ventricle and maximize end-diastolic volume.
What is the starling mechanism?
Physical breakdown in muscle fibers due to excessive physical exertion that may lead to severe pain, kidney failure, and muscle weakness. Often leads to hospitalization and medical treatment.
What is exertional rhabdomyolysis?
Max force generated (1RM)
The product of strength and speed
The ability to repeat muscle actions over a longer duration
What are strength, power, and muscular endurance?
The internal "thermostat" that assists in the regulation of stable body temperature in response to heat and cold-related exposure.
What is the POAH? (preoptic anterior hypothalymus)
The primary mechanism or training condition that will lead to DOMS.
Calculation of VO2, taking into account stroke volume, heart rate and (a-v)O2 difference at submaximal or maximal intensities.
What is the Fick Equation?
The condition a body may be exposed to that will result in a decrease in bone mineral density, muscle wasting, and overall system weakness if exposed for a long duration (months to years).
What is microgravity?