Neural Control 1
The result of a rapid, substantial, and inevitable depolarization of a neuron:
What is an Action Potential?
The basic structural unit of the nervous system:
What is the Neuron?
Sympathetic stimulation contributes to:
What is an increase in heart rate and metabolic rate?
This would likely account for the fatigue experienced by an endurance athlete:
What is Glycogen Depletion?
During high-intensity sprints, this is the mechanism of fatigue that occurs in the first few seconds:
What is Pi (inorganic phosphate) accumulation?
Chemicals that transfer stimulus from one neuron to another neuron:
What are Neurotransmitters?
Recall: Acetylcholine and Norepinephrine
The resting membrane potential of a nerve cell is _______mV:
What is -70?
The neurotransmitter that is associated with the neuromuscular junction and cholinergic nerves:
What is Acetylcholine?
Recall: Norepinephrine - adrenergic nerves - neuron to neuron transmission
the volume of oxygen consumption (VO2) does this as submaximal exercise intensity increases:
What is Increases?
The inability to maintain the required power output to continue muscular work at a given intensity:
What is Fatigue?
The period when a neuron is fully committed to propagating the action potential and cannot respond to another neural stimulus is the (i.e. “All-or-None” principle):
What is the Absolute Refractory Period?
The decision to voluntarily move skeletal muscle comes from this part of the brain:
What is the primary motor cortex (of the frontal lobe)?
The type of nerves that carry nerve impulses from the brain to the periphery:
What are Efferent or Motor neurons?
The term used to describe the difference between the oxygen required and the amount of oxygen actually consumed at the onset of exercise:
What is oxygen deficit?
This is usually expressed as the percentage (%) of VO2MAX:
What is Lactate Threshold?
This takes place when the membrane potential changes from -70 mV to +30 mV:
What is Depolarization?
Recall: At +30 mV = Action Potential
These sensory (afferent) receptors communicate with the brain about changes in muscle length and stretch:
What are Muscle Spindles?
The point when Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) occurs:
What is when O2 consumption > O2 demand in early recovery?
The physiological term for aerobic capacity (best measurement for aerobic fitness, not the best predictor of endurance performance):
What is Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)?
Total daily metabolic activity (resting metabolic rate and normal daily activities) is approximately:
What is 1800 to 3000 kcal/day?
Recall: Resting Metabolic Rate = 1200-1400 kcal/day
The membrane potential at which an action potential will definitely occur:
What is Threshold?
General sensory stimulus sent by muscles and joints is processed in this region of the Cerebrum:
What is the Parietal Lobe?
Recall: primary sensory cortex (of the Parietal Lobe) primary motor cortex (of the Frontal Lobe)
In general, VO2MAX decreases by about this % after 25-30 years of age:
What is 1%?
In untrained people, the lactate threshold typically occurs at ______% of VO2max while in elite endurance athletes lactate threshold typically occurs at ______%.
What is 50 to 60, 70 to 80?
Lactate production rate > Lactate clearance rate
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) accumulation
Glycogen depletion
What are key mechanisms associated with fatigue?