Threats to internal validity
Unwanted changes in characteristics of the measuring instrument or measurement procedure.
What is Instrumentation?
This design has no adequate basis for comparison, it is often used in our day to day assumptions.
What is the One-Shot Case Study?
The most simple true experimental design.
What is the Posttest-Only Control Group Design?
Always two or groups, subjects are randomly assigned to groups, threats to internal validity are best controlled.
What is True Experimental Design?
Name the three pre-experimental designs.
What is the one shot case study, the one-group prestest-posttest design, and the static group comparison.
The loss of subjects during a study.
What is Attrition?
A design with one experimental treatment, a treatment group, and a control group (group without treatment).
What is Static Group Comparison?
The design that threatens external validity.
What is the Prestest-Posttest Control Group Design?
A study where the subject acts as their own control.
What is Within-Subjects Designs?
This is the process of reversing the sequence of treatment and control conditions.
What is counterbalancing?
The tendency for extreme scores on one measurement to move closer to the mean score on a later measurement.
What is Statistical Regression?
This is the design used for observing runners, observe their initial performance, give them new running shoes, & re-observe running performance within new shoes.
What is One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design?
The design that has the most number of groups being observed.
What is the Solomon Four-Group Design?
The three variables that often interact and change the outcome of the study.
What is testing, selection, and maturation?
The variable that the treatment conditions has an effect on.
What is the independent variable?
Any psychological or physiological change taking place within subjects that occur over time, regardless of experimental manipulations.
What is Maturation?
The design that best controls threats to internal validity.
What is Static Group Comparison?
The design that eliminates the possibility of interaction between pretest and the experimental manipulation.
What is the Posttest-Only Control Group Design?
The evidence that rules out that the extraneous variable is responsible for the outcome instead of the manipulated independent variable.
What is Internal Validity?
Name the 7 threats to internal validity.
What is history, maturation, testing, instrumentation, statistical regression, selection, and attrition.