What is the variable that is manipulated in an experimental study; the variable that is presumed to come first in a correlational study and has an effect on the DV
100
What is an extraneous variable?
A variable other than the IV(s) that inadvertently effects the dependent variable. An extraneous variable reduces our ability to say with certainty that the manipulation of the IV effected the change in the DV.
100
What was the independent variable in the Anderson et al article?
Study abroad destination and duration
100
A ____________is an explanation of a relationship between two or more variables.
What is hypothesis?
100
What kind of variable is manipulated in a study?
What is the independent variable
200
Dependent variable
What is variable that is influenced the the independent variable; occurs after the IV.
OR the outcome measure in a study. The variable that is being measured.
200
Noise, temperature, and time of day are examples of ______extraneous variables.
Physical
200
What was the dependent variable in the Anderson et al article?
intercultural Sensitivity measured by the IDI
200
What are three characteristics of a good hypothesis
Parsimony, Synthetic statement, and testable
200
________ refers to how consistent a measure assesses its key construct/concept.
Reliability
300
Eye color, gender, ethnicity, are examples of this scale of measurement
What are categorical/nominal variables.
300
______, _____, ______, and _____ are the four types of extraneous variables
Physical, context, social, and personality.
300
What key theoretical model informed the researchers dependent variable?
DMIS, Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity
300
______are four ways to develop a hypothesis
Induction, deduction, intuition, observation, prior research, and serendipity
300
Name two types of reliability.
Inter-rater, inter-item, test-retest reliability
400
Name and describe three (3) types of reliability.
1.)Interrater reliability is the degree to which observers agree in their measurement ?of the behavior.
2.) Test-retest reliability means the degree to which a person's scores are consistent across two or more administrations of a measurement procedure.
3.) Inter-item reliability measures the degree to which different parts of an instrument (questionnaire or test) that are designed to measure the same variable achieve consistent results.
400
How can an experimenter reduce the likelihood that a rosenthal effect can occur?
Double-blind experiment
400
H1: "North Carolinians rate the taste of sweet potatoes more highly than residents of other states."
This is an example of a ________ hypothesis.
Non-experimental
400
Why do we write literature reviews?
1.) Develop an understanding current state of research on a topic
2.) Gain understanding of methods used
3.) Identify key findings
500
H1: Participants in the therapy treatment condition will have less depression than those in the control condition.
1.) What is the IV and DV.
2.) What scale of measurement is the DV on?
3.) Write an operational definition of the DV
1.) IV- Treatment condition/group
DV- Depression score.
2.) Interval
3.) The degree of depression (i.e sadness,hopelessness, sleep problems, changes in weight)
500
1.)How do extraneous variables impact internal validity? 2.)a ______ research methodology best increases internal validity
extraneous variables reduce/compromise internal validity by reducing our ability to say with a degree of certainty that our manipulation of the IV effected the DV.
True (or full) experimental
500
Name and give an example of the scales of measurement
Nominal- Ethnicity
Ordinal- classification
Interval-Temperature
Ratio- Number of children
500
Define and describe the balancing technique for controlling physical extraneous variables.
Balancing controls extraneous physical variables by equally distributing their effects across treatment conditions.
For example, running half of the subjects ?in each condition in the morning and half in ?the evening.