First Colonies
Who founded Jamestown?
John Smith
Name the 3 colonial regions
New England Colonies
Mid-Atlantic/Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies
Group that settled the New England Colonies
Puritans
Economic structure of the southern colonies
Agricultural/Farming
What is a colony?
Land or area controlled by another country that is far away.
Who founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
John Winthrop
Which of these two colonies is more like to have slaves?
Maryland and Massachusetts
Maryland
Explain the Great Awakening
Religious diversity among in the colonies led to debate and new ways of thinking about Christianity.
Emergence of new forms of Christianity like Baptists and Methodists.
First event to connect people across the 13 colonies
Journey from W. Africa to colonies of slave ships.
Middle Passage
Who crossed the Atlantic in 1492?
Columbus
What was life like for the very first colonists at Jamestown?
- Very difficult
- Trouble growing food
- lots of people died (starving time)
Explain the unique qualities of the southern colonies.
- Agricultural
- Less populated
- founded for financial reasons
- cash crops (tobacco, cotton)
- much larger slave population
Explain the enlightenment
- Belief in reason. truth, knowledge
- Belief in natural rights (life, liberty, and property)
- Basis for founding beliefs
- Secular (not religious)
Explain Mercantilism and how it impacted the development of colonies
European countries directly controlled trade.
Wealth is limited and tied to land/resources and European countries wanted to have a favorable trade balance
Therefore they established colonies who could only trade with the mother country.
What is the Columbian exchange?
Exchange of goods, disease, animals, etc. from the old world (Europe) to the new world (Americas) and vice versa. Anything that went from one region to the other for the first time is included in the Columbian Exchange.
Jamestown was founded by this group of people.
Joint stock holders (Virginia Company)
AKA investors for $
Explain the unique qualities of the New England Colonies
- Cold/Rocky, not good farmland
- Farms were small (no plantations)
- Focus on shipping/fishing
- Founded by Puritans for religious reasons
The triangle trade is also know as....
The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Why were so many slaves brought to the southern colonies (3 reasons)
-Southern Colonies established primarily for profit (i.e. Jamestown)
- To make them profitable they relied on cash crops (Tobacco, Cotton)
- Cash Crops required lots of land and labor
What region were the French and British competing over in the F/I War?
Ohio River Valley
Explain how relationships with Native Americans evolved over time.
Initially peaceful and involved trade.
Over time tension over land and resources resulted in conflict and violence.
Explain the unique qualities of the middle colonies
Settled by a lot of different groups.
- Dutch, Quakers, Protestants, and anglicans.
- Wheat production (bread basket)
- Religiously tolerant
- Good waterways for trade
Explain Salutary Neglect and how it affected the colonies.
Policy that the British would not strictly enforce trade laws as long as the colonies were profitable.
(led to colonial assemblies controlling trade)
Explain the triangle trade in detail.
Goods brought to Africa, exchanged for slaves. From Africa slaves are brought to the Americas working on plantations. In the colonies raw materials and resources are produced and then sent to Europe.
Explain the navigation acts
Required the colonies to only trade goods with the mother country - England