The name for a raised third ending of a musical work that is in a minor key.
What is Tierce de Picardie (Picardie Third)?
100
The initial statement of the main theme of a fugue, in the tonic key.
What is subject?
100
The creative activity of immediate ("in the moment") musical composition, which combines performance with communication of emotions and instrumental technique as well as spontaneous response to other musicians.
What is improvisation?
100
The instrument which Vivaldi played proficiently.
What is violin?
100
The first name of Bach's sons.
What is Johann?
200
A Baroque performance practice generally involving two performers - one playing the notated bass line, one realizing the harmonies as indicated by the figured bass.
What is basso continuo?
200
An exact transposition of the subject.
What is real answer?
200
A sustained bass note that provides a rudimentary harmonic foundation, common in folk music.
What is drone?
200
The city in which Vivaldi was a colorful figure in the musical life.
What is Venice, Italy?
200
A court singer, wife of Bach, and namesake of a keyboard collection for students.
Who is Anna Magdalena (Wilcke)?
300
From the Italian for "obstinate" or "persistent", a rhythmic or melodic pattern repeated for an extended period.
What is ostinato?
300
A statement of the subject in which one or more intervals is adjusted to accommodate the harmony.
What is tonal answer?
300
A sustained note over which harmonies change.
What is pedal point?
300
Rapid passagework, string crossings, arpeggio figurations, and double stops.
What are examples of string virtuosity?
300
The instrument on which Bach was a virtuoso.
What is organ?
400
A term used to denote use of the full orchestra in the Baroque concerto, from the Italian meaning "full" or "complete".
What is ripieno?
400
A recurring counter-melody that accompanies entries of the subject and answer.
What is countersubject?
400
Embellishments or musical flourishes that are not necessary to carry the overall line of the melody (or harmony), but serve instead to decorate or "ornament" that line, often performed as "fast notes" around a central note.
What is ornamentation (cadenza)?
400
A genre of music of which Vivaldi wrote over 400.
What is concerto?
400
Arnstadt, Mulhausen, Weimar, Cothen, and Leipzig.
What are the locales where Bach was employed?
500
From the Italian "stringere," meaning "to tighten," overlapping subject entries in close succession.
What is stretto?
500
The thematic material presented "upside down".
What is inversion?
500
The unique technical capabilities of an instrument are highlighted; opposite of "generic" writing.