Teachman et al.
Catastrophic misinterpretations
Catastrophic misinterpretations
This panic disorder model links panic attacks to the misinterpretation of certain bodily sensations as catastrophic.
What is the cognitive model of panic disorder?
Sharon, a 25-year-old with a dog phobia, quit her soccer league where teammates brought dogs. Quitting the team exemplifies this behavior.
What is a situational avoidance behavior
Unlike ___, ___ is the normal protective response when the danger or threat is more immediate
What is anxiety, what is panic
Although symptom reduction is important, the overarching goal of psychological treatments are these two things, generally
What are improving functioning and quality of life
Bard College was founded in March of this year in the 19th century
What is 1860
The anticipated relationship between changes in catastrophic misinterpretations and changes in affect.
What is bidirectional?
In this model, a neutral stimulus (conditional stimulus, CS) followed by an aversive stimulus (unconditional stimulus, US) leads to anticipatory fear reactions (conditional response, CR).
What is the Pavlovian conditioning model
One major risk factor for anxiety disorders is the fear of the anxiety and panic which is often referred to as this phrase
What is fear of fear
Precursors to contemporary exposure include flooding and implosive therapy. Both derive from this principle, where the repetition of the feared stimulus without the feared consequence or any escape/avoidance behaviors leads to fear reduction.
What is extinction
The Bard in Bard College was derived from the last name of this man
Who is John Bard
This study employed this experimental design to explore how altering misinterpretations of bodily sensations during treatment forecasts later decreases in various panic-related measures.
What is a repeated measures design?
Changing the surrounding context between extinction and retest may lead to this phenomenon.
What is the renewal of conditional fear?
During a panic attack, some people believe they are (list 2)
What is going crazy, lose control, nervous collapse, heart attack, seizure, suffocation
The reading talked through these three exposure practice modalities
What is imaginative, situational, & interoceptive
The dorm located directly next to RKC
What is Sands House
Therapists in the cognitive model of panic disorder aim to address these two things.
What is facilitating cognitive change in their patients and alleviating panic symptoms
During exposure therapy, the goal is to enhance this type of learning
What is inhibitory learning
Anxiety and panic manifest themselves through three separate systems working in concert with each other. These three systems are called
What is the physical system, cognitive or emotional system, and behavioral system
When structuring exposure therapy, the therapist asks the patient to be BRAVE, Brave is an acronym standing for these 5 things (list and describe 3?)
(more for more points!) 100 for each! unless another team can get it all!
(1) the patient deliberately brings on the anxiety by fully engaging with the feared situation or stimuli, (2) the patient intentionally responds differently to the signal of anxiety, (3) repeated—a lot of times, (4) in a variety of contexts, (5) evaluate the evidence they gather from each exposure exercise and whether it supports or refutes their threat appraisal
Bard College has roughly this many undergraduate students
What is 1800
Changes in catastrophic misinterpretations were predictive of subsequent reductions in these four aspects related to panic attacks (4).
What are overall symptom severity, panic attack frequency, distress/apprehension, and avoidance behavior
Therapeutic strategies for enhancing inhibitory learning and retrieval, listing and describe 3:
What is: Expectancy Violation, Deepened Extinction, Occasional Reinforced Extinction, Removal of Safety Signals, Variability, Retrieval Cues, Multiple Contexts, Reconsolidation
Physical sensations alone are not enough for an alarm reaction. Experiencing uncomfortable bodily sensations like tingling or numbness does not automatically lead to a panic attack. The second necessary ingredient is this:
What is the perception that the bodily reaction or reactions are harmful or dangerous
The basic theory underlying cognitive behavioral interventions is that dysfunctional thinking and maladaptive behavior are common in psychiatric disturbances. The following five psychological biases are main targets in treatment. List and describe 3:
Likelihood bias or the belief that a feared outcome is more likely to occur than in actuality
Cost bias or the belief that the cost of a feared outcome, should it occur is much higher than in actuality
False safety behaviors or the belief that false safety behaviors are necessary to reduce anxiety or prevent catastrophe
Intolerability bias or the belief that anxiety is dangerous or intolerable, not just unpleasant
Function bias or the belief that one is unable to function in daily life while experiencing anxiety
Leon Botstein was this many years old when became president of the college
What is 23 years old